Thank you for your guys' help. I assumed that meant I had to download
and install the packages manually after installing through the live CD
and went that route.
While trying to install Debian again, I have run into another possibly
unrelated problem. After going through most of the install procedure, I
get an error message while trying to install the boot loader:
"Executing grub-install failed"
"This is a fatal error"
Where can I access error logs that tell me what actually happened,
because this is really vague and I don't know what I'm supposed to do
with this. The drive was wiped during the partitioning process and I
have no operating systems on the laptop (although I have tried to
install Debian multiple times at this point).