Hi folks, sound is back! Yeah!
However, I do not know, what was the reason. But this is what I did: First, tried to initialize the card. The first thing I did, was pulseaudio --system, which was a bad idea, as the system told me. Then I tried alsactl --init , alsctrl -F and alsactl -f, which all seemed to be not successfull. At last I tried to kill the pulseaudio demon, which did not succeed. I tried killall pulseaudio, kill and the process number as well killing with ksysguard - every time a new pulseaudio process started. Then I found (yes, one always should read manuals), pulseaudio --kill. This did not kill the process (as expected), but after this I remarked, that the sound was back. I rebooted and the sound is still working. Sadly I do not know, which of my commands did the trick, but maybe this little report might help others still somehow in the future. Thanks to all, who helped me with their hints and tips, the brought me further on. And I learned again much. Hip hip hurrah! Best Hans