It seems that "nocheck" and "nodoc" can be used with both variables.
However, which one is to be used in debian/rules recipes? Or both, as suggested here [1]? Looking at random packages, newer packages seem to favor just checking DEB_BUILD_PROFILES to conditionally build documentation, but that would mean that DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS as recommended by policy is not honored. Or do dpkg or debhelper apply some kind of mapping logic from _OPTIONS to _PROFILES for the popular options nocheck, nodoc, noopt? Or are we supposed to transition to just _PROFILES in the long term? [1] https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2019/01/msg00080.html