I can confirm this keyboard bug. Since I upgraded my Debian SID, I lost my French keyboard in Firefox- ESR and in Chromium. Using these two applications, this is like if were typing on a QWERTY keyboard.
Apparently, this started this morning after upgrading. Please note that Gnome-shell is not in the list of upgraded packages. I upgraded gnome- shell on 2019-02-07 and French keyboard worked at that time. $cat /var/log/apt/history.log Start-Date: 2019-02-11 09:35:53 Commandline: apt-get dist-upgrade Requested-By: mario (1000) Upgrade: libgcc-7-dev:amd64 (7.4.0-4, 7.4.0-5), libmpx2:amd64 (8.2.0- 19, 8.2.0-20), exim4-base:amd64 (4.92~RC5-2, 4.92~RC6-1), qtbase5-dev- tools:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), libseccomp2:amd64 (2.3.3-3, 2.3.3-4), libqt5test5:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), libobjc-8- dev:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), qt5-gtk-platformtheme:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), lib32stdc++6:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0- 20), libqt5opengl5-dev:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), base- passwd:amd64 (3.5.45, 3.5.46), grub-common:amd64 (2.02+dfsg1-10, 2.02+dfsg1-11), libobjc4:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), cpp-7:amd64 (7.4.0-4, 7.4.0-5), cpp-8:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), gcc-8-base:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), python3-urllib3:amd64 (1.24-1, 1.24.1-1), qt5- default:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), libitm1:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), libdvdread4:amd64 (6.0.0-1, 6.0.1-1), libqt5dbus5:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), libqt5sql5-sqlite:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), gcc-7-base:amd64 (7.4.0-4, 7.4.0-5), runit-helper:amd64 (2.8.4, 2.8.5), exim4-daemon-light:amd64 (4.92~RC5-2, 4.92~RC6-1), libqt5widgets5:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), libzbar0:amd64 (0.10+doc-10.1+b4, 0.10+doc-11), grub2-common:amd64 (2.02+dfsg1-10, 2.02+dfsg1-11), libcilkrts5:amd64 (7.4.0-4, 7.4.0-5), cmake-data:amd64 (3.13.2-1, 3.13.4-1), libasan4:amd64 (7.4.0-4, 7.4.0-5), libasan5:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), libquadmath0:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), libpipeline1:amd64 (1.5.1-1, 1.5.1-2), grub-pc:amd64 (2.02+dfsg1-10, 2.02+dfsg1-11), libqt5xml5:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), installation-report:amd64 (2.69, 2.70), libqt5printsupport5:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), libgcc1:amd64 (1:8.2.0-19, 1:8.2.0-20), libqt5concurrent5:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), libstdc++-7- dev:amd64 (7.4.0-4, 7.4.0-5), grub-pc-bin:amd64 (2.02+dfsg1-10, 2.02+dfsg1-11), lib32gcc1:amd64 (1:8.2.0-19, 1:8.2.0-20), libgcc-8- dev:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), libqt5gui5:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), libtsan0:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), man-db:amd64 (2.8.5-1, 2.8.5-2), libubsan0:amd64 (7.4.0-4, 7.4.0-5), libubsan1:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), g++-7:amd64 (7.4.0-4, 7.4.0-5), g++-8:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), rcs:amd64 (5.9.4-4, 5.9.4-5), exim4-config:amd64 (4.92~RC5-2, 4.92~RC6-1), qt5-qmake:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg- 5), libgfortran4:amd64 (7.4.0-4, 7.4.0-5), libgfortran5:amd64 (8.2.0- 19, 8.2.0-20), gcc-7:amd64 (7.4.0-4, 7.4.0-5), gcc-8:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), libobjc-7-dev:amd64 (7.4.0-4, 7.4.0-5), gfortran-8:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), python-urllib3:amd64 (1.24-1, 1.24.1-1), liblsan0:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), libgomp1:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0- 20), libqt5core5a:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), debhelper:amd64 (12, 12.1), binfmt-support:amd64 (2.2.0-1, 2.2.0-2), qtbase5-dev:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), qtbase5-doc:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), libqt5opengl5:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), libgfortran-8-dev:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), cmake:amd64 (3.13.2-1, 3.13.4-1), libcapstone3:amd64 (3.0.5-3, 3.0.5-4), libatomic1:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), libqt5network5:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg- 5), libcc1-0:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), libgphobos76:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), libstdc++6:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0-20), qt5-qmake-bin:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), libstdc++-8-dev:amd64 (8.2.0-19, 8.2.0- 20), libqt5sql5:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), libqt5sql5- mysql:amd64 (5.11.3+dfsg-4, 5.11.3+dfsg-5), liberror-perl:amd64 (0.17027-1, 0.17027-2) End-Date: 2019-02-11 09:36:50