Hi Philippe, I could reproduce your issue in a stable chroot, thanks for reporting it.
It seems that the update needs a few packages from stable-proposed updates, to get you go again, you might want to (temporarily) enable this suite: Add deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian bookworm-proposed-updates main to your /etc/apt/sources.list and you should be able to to install chromium with apt install chromium. You can then remove the bookworm-proposed-updates line again. -- tobi