I've found workaround: adding i915.enable_dc=0 to kernel boot parameters fixes (workarounds) this issue.
- Bug#1039965: linux-image-6.1.0-9-amd64: crash on boot Vincas Dargis
- Bug#1039965: linux-image-6.1.0-9-amd64: crash on boot Vincas Dargis
- Bug#1039965: linux-image-6.1.0-9-amd64: crash on boot Vincas Dargis