Package: emacs-gtk
Version: 1:27.1+1-3.1+b1
Severity: normal
X-Debbugs-Cc: Olaf Meeuwissen <paddy-h...@member.fsf.org>

Dear Maintainer,

While not really a major issue, this is something that's been bugging me
for quite a while now and trying to get all applications on my "desktop"
to use the same "Noto Sans Mono *" font I finally decided to chase this
down.

The problem is that certain Japanese characters look "weird".  They are
close to what they are supposed to look like but not quite.  One simple
and obvious example is 平.  In Japanese it is supposed to look like

 -----
 \ | /
 -----
   |

and on my x-terminal-emulator (rxvt-unicode) it does but in Emacs it
displays as

 -----
 / | \
 -----
   |

Note how the slashes are transposed.

This is just one example but there are quite a few other characters that
don't quite look the way there supposed to.  This issue gives Japanese
text a somewhat "Chinese" look.

Digging into this, and much to my surprise!, I found that Emacs actually
selects a *Korean* font to display all Japanese (and Chinese too!).

You can use `C-u C-x =` on the character to check the font that is used
to display it.  Feel free to explore the HELLO text (`C-h h`) if not
using Emacs for mail to get some Japanese text in your buffer.

The truly odd thing is that the Japanese characters are correctly
identified as belonging to the appropriate JIS standard but displayed
with a Korean font notwithstanding the fact that Japanese fonts are
available (and used by my x-terminal-emulator, even with LANG=C.UTF-8).

For reference, this happens when running

  emacs --no-init-file --no-site-file
  emacs --no-init-file
  emacs

with my X session's LANG set to ja_JP.UTF-8 as well as C.UTF-8 and no
Xresources applied.  Using

  *font: Noto Sans Mono-16

doesn't change that.  No matter what, Emacs insists on using

  -GOOG-Noto Sans CJK KR-normal-normal-normal-*-21-*-*-*-*-0-iso10646-1

apart from the font size (which defaults to 13 without the .Xresources
setting; that's too small to be comfortable on my 31.5" monitor ;-).

I have the following "font" packages installed:

  $ LANG=C apt list --installed 2>/dev/null | grep font
  fontconfig-config/testing,now 2.13.1-4.2 all [installed,automatic]
  fontconfig/testing,now 2.13.1-4.2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
  fonts-dejavu-core/testing,now 2.37-2 all [installed,automatic]
  fonts-noto-cjk/testing,now 1:20201206-cjk+repack1-1 all [installed]
  fonts-noto-color-emoji/testing,now 2.034-1 all [installed]
  fonts-noto-core/testing,now 20201225-1 all [installed]
  fonts-noto-mono/testing,now 20201225-1 all [installed]
  libfontconfig1/testing,now 2.13.1-4.2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
  libfontenc1/testing,now 1:1.1.4-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
  libxfont2/testing,now 1:2.0.5-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]

and the following Noto Sans Mono CJK fonts are available:

  $ fc-list | grep "Noto Sans Mono CJK"
  /usr/share/fonts/opentype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Bold.ttc: Noto Sans Mono CJK 
TC:style=Bold
  /usr/share/fonts/opentype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Bold.ttc: Noto Sans Mono CJK 
SC:style=Bold
  /usr/share/fonts/opentype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Bold.ttc: Noto Sans Mono CJK 
KR:style=Bold
  /usr/share/fonts/opentype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Bold.ttc: Noto Sans Mono CJK 
HK:style=Bold
  /usr/share/fonts/opentype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Bold.ttc: Noto Sans Mono CJK 
JP:style=Bold
  /usr/share/fonts/opentype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Regular.ttc: Noto Sans Mono CJK 
SC:style=Regular
  /usr/share/fonts/opentype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Regular.ttc: Noto Sans Mono CJK 
TC:style=Regular
  /usr/share/fonts/opentype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Regular.ttc: Noto Sans Mono CJK 
HK:style=Regular
  /usr/share/fonts/opentype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Regular.ttc: Noto Sans Mono CJK 
KR:style=Regular
  /usr/share/fonts/opentype/noto/NotoSansCJK-Regular.ttc: Noto Sans Mono CJK 
JP:style=Regular

If I tell Emacs to use Noto Sans Mono CJK JP, the issue goes away but
then Chinese and Korean text is also displayed using the JP variant
instead of the Simplified Chinese (SC), Traditional Chinese (TC), Hong
Kong Chinese (HK) or Korean (KR) one as appropriate.

Hope this helps,

-- System Information:
Architecture: x86_64

Kernel: Linux 5.15.0-2-amd64 (SMP w/16 CPU threads)
Locale: LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8, LC_CTYPE=ja_JP.UTF-8 (charmap=UTF-8), LANGUAGE not set
Shell: /bin/sh linked to /bin/dash
Init: runit (via /run/runit.stopit)
LSM: AppArmor: enabled

Versions of packages emacs-gtk depends on:
ii  emacs-bin-common           1:27.1+1-3.1+b1
ii  emacs-common               1:27.1+1-3.1
ii  libacl1                    2.3.1-1
ii  libasound2                 1.2.5.1-1
ii  libc6                      2.33-1
ii  libcairo2                  1.16.0-5
ii  libdbus-1-3                1.12.20-3+devuan3
ii  libelogind0 [libsystemd0]  246.10-3
ii  libfontconfig1             2.13.1-4.2
ii  libfreetype6               2.11.1+dfsg-1
ii  libgdk-pixbuf-2.0-0        2.42.6+dfsg-2
ii  libgif7                    5.1.9-2
ii  libglib2.0-0               2.70.2-1
ii  libgmp10                   2:6.2.1+dfsg-3
ii  libgnutls30                3.7.2-5
ii  libgpm2                    1.20.7-9
ii  libgtk-3-0                 3.24.31-1
ii  libharfbuzz0b              2.7.4-1
ii  libice6                    2:1.0.10-1
ii  libjansson4                2.13.1-1.1
ii  libjpeg62-turbo            1:2.1.2-1
ii  liblcms2-2                 2.12~rc1-2
ii  libm17n-0                  1.8.0-3.1
ii  libotf1                    0.9.16-3
ii  libpango-1.0-0             1.48.10+ds1-1
ii  libpng16-16                1.6.37-3
ii  librsvg2-2                 2.50.7+dfsg-2
ii  libselinux1                3.3-1+b1
ii  libsm6                     2:1.2.3-1
ii  libtiff5                   4.3.0-2
ii  libtinfo6                  6.3-1
ii  libx11-6                   2:1.7.2-2+b1
ii  libxext6                   2:1.3.4-1
ii  libxfixes3                 1:5.0.3-2
ii  libxml2                    2.9.12+dfsg-5+b1
ii  libxrender1                1:0.9.10-1
ii  zlib1g                     1:1.2.11.dfsg-2

emacs-gtk recommends no packages.

Versions of packages emacs-gtk suggests:
pn  emacs-common-non-dfsg  <none>

-- no debconf information

--
Olaf Meeuwissen                    FSF Associate Member since 2004-01-27
 GnuPG key: F84A2DD9/B3C0 2F47 EA19 64F4 9F13  F43E B8A4 A88A F84A 2DD9
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