# LC_ALL=C ll /usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64/.config
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 231K Feb  8 15:40
/usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64/.config

Passing --config=... and correct -k ...:

# LC_ALL=C dkms build -m virtualbox -v 6.1.18 -k 5.10.0-3-amd64
--kernelsourcedir=/usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64
--config=/usr/src/linux-h
eaders-5.10.0-3-amd64

Preparing kernel 5.10.0-3-amd64 for module build:
(This is not compiling a kernel, just preparing kernel symbols)
Storing current .config to be restored when complete
Running Generic preparation routine
make mrproper...(bad exit status: 2)
using /usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64
cp: -r not specified; omitting directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64'
make oldconfig...(bad exit status: 2)
make prepare-all...(bad exit status: 2)

Building module:
cleaning build area...
make -j4 KERNELRELEASE=5.10.0-3-amd64 -C
/usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64
M=/var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/6.1.18/build...(bad exit status: 2)
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 5.10.0-3-amd64 (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/6.1.18/build/make.log for more information.

# cat /var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/6.1.18/build/make.log
DKMS make.log for virtualbox-6.1.18 for kernel 5.10.0-3-amd64 (x86_64)
Mon Feb  8 15:40:26 CET 2021
make: Entering directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64'

 ERROR: Kernel configuration is invalid.
        include/generated/autoconf.h or include/config/auto.conf are missing.
        Run 'make oldconfig && make prepare' on kernel src to fix it.

make[1]: *** [/usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-common/Makefile:717:
include/config/auto.conf] Fehler 1
make: *** [/usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-common/Makefile:185:
__sub-make] Error 2
make: Leaving directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64'

[ EDIT: /usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-common/Makefile ]

711 # External modules and some install targets need
include/generated/autoconf.h
712 # and include/config/auto.conf but do not care if they are up-to-date.
713 # Use auto.conf to trigger the test
714 PHONY += include/config/auto.conf
715
716 include/config/auto.conf:
717         $(Q)test -e include/generated/autoconf.h -a -e $@ || (          \
718         echo >&2;                                                       \
719         echo >&2 "  ERROR: Kernel configuration is invalid.";           \
720         echo >&2 "         include/generated/autoconf.h or $@ are
missing.";\
721         echo >&2 "         Run 'make oldconfig && make prepare' on
kernel src to fix it.";      \
722         echo >&2 ;                                                      \
723         /bin/false)

Searching for include/generated/autoconf.h file:

# LC_ALL=C ll /usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64/Makefile
/usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64/include/generated/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   56 Feb  6 09:23
/usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64/Makefile

/usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64/include/generated/:
total 40K
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4.0K Feb  8 15:15 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4.0K Jan 31 17:36 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4.7K Feb  6 09:23 asm-offsets.h
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  318 Feb  6 09:23 bounds.h
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  337 Feb  6 09:23 compile.h
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   45 Feb  6 09:23 package.h
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.1K Feb  6 09:23 timeconst.h
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4.0K Jan 31 17:36 uapi
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   37 Feb  6 09:23 utsrelease.h

Such an include/generated/autoconf.h is missing in
linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64 package.

NOPE:

# find /usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-common -name autoconf.h
# find /usr/src/linux-headers-5.10.0-3-amd64 -name autoconf.h

- Sedat -

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