Dear Maintainer,
I could reproduce this issue with version 2.26.20160125+Atmel3.6.2-1.

    Program terminated with signal SIGILL, Illegal instruction.
    #0  0x0000aaaae70f20e8 in e843419@0011_00000103_e2c ()
    (gdb) bt
    #0  0x0000aaaae70f20e8 in e843419@0011_00000103_e2c ()
    #1  0x0000aaaae70f1ff8 in ldfile_add_arch (in_name=0xaaaae719e318 "") at 
./ldfile.c:630
    #2  0x0000aaaae70d50b8 in main (argc=<optimized out>, argv=<optimized out>) 
at ./ldmain.c:288
    (gdb) disassemble
    Dump of assembler code for function e843419@0011_00000103_e2c:
    => 0x0000aaaae70f20e8 <+0>:     00 00 00 00     .inst   0x00000000 ; 
undefined
       0x0000aaaae70f20ec <+4>:     c7 ff ff 17     b       0xaaaae70f2008 
<ldfile_add_arch+48>
    End of assembler dump.


Current version 2.26.20160125+Atmel3.6.2-2 seems not affected anymore.

Kind regards,
Bernhard

# Bullseye/testing aarch64 qemu VM 2020-11-05


apt update
apt dist-upgrade


apt install systemd-coredump devscripts gdb binutils-avr binutils-avr-dbgsym
apt build-dep binutils-avr



mkdir /home/benutzer/source/binutils-avr/orig -p
cd    /home/benutzer/source/binutils-avr/orig
dget 
https://snapshot.debian.org/archive/debian/20200112T150045Z/pool/main/b/binutils-avr/binutils-avr_2.26.20160125%2BAtmel3.6.2-1.dsc
cd



root@debian:~# dpkg -l | grep avr
ii  binutils-avr                  2.26.20160125+Atmel3.6.2-2     arm64        
Binary utilities supporting Atmel's AVR targets
root@debian:~# avr-ld
avr-ld: no input files


wget 
https://snapshot.debian.org/archive/debian/20200112T150045Z/pool/main/b/binutils-avr/binutils-avr_2.26.20160125%2BAtmel3.6.2-1_arm64.deb
wget 
https://snapshot.debian.org/archive/debian-debug/20200112T145651Z/pool/main/b/binutils-avr/binutils-avr-dbgsym_2.26.20160125%2BAtmel3.6.2-1_arm64.deb
dpkg -i binutils-avr_2.26.20160125+Atmel3.6.2-1_arm64.deb 
binutils-avr-dbgsym_2.26.20160125+Atmel3.6.2-1_arm64.deb


root@debian:~# dpkg -l | grep avr
ii  binutils-avr                  2.26.20160125+Atmel3.6.2-1     arm64        
Binary utilities supporting Atmel's AVR targets
root@debian:~# avr-ld
Illegal instruction (core dumped)


root@debian:~# journalctl -e
...
Nov 05 23:27:12 debian systemd[1]: Started Process Core Dump (PID 1728/UID 0).
Nov 05 23:27:15 debian systemd-coredump[1729]: Process 1727 (avr-ld) of user 0 
dumped core.
                                               
                                               Stack trace of thread 1727:
                                               #0  0x0000aaaae70f20e8 n/a (ld + 
0x410e8)
                                               #1  0x0000aaaae70f1ff8 n/a (ld + 
0x40ff8)
                                               #2  0x0000aaaae7203000 n/a (ld + 
0x152000)
Nov 05 23:27:15 debian systemd[1]: systemd-coredump@0-1728-0.service: Succeeded.


root@debian:~# coredumpctl list
TIME                            PID   UID   GID SIG COREFILE  EXE
Thu 2020-11-05 23:27:15 CET    1727     0     0   4 present   
/usr/lib/avr/bin/ld


root@debian:~# coredumpctl gdb 1727
           PID: 1727 (avr-ld)
           UID: 0 (root)
           GID: 0 (root)
        Signal: 4 (ILL)
     Timestamp: Thu 2020-11-05 23:27:12 CET (2min 15s ago)
  Command Line: avr-ld
    Executable: /usr/lib/avr/bin/ld
 Control Group: /user.slice/user-1000.slice/session-1.scope
          Unit: session-1.scope
         Slice: user-1000.slice
       Session: 1
     Owner UID: 1000 (benutzer)
       Boot ID: 3f56606be08f444d957581bc66c9453f
    Machine ID: b26c6a7c3b16414d8985adaa2301400c
      Hostname: debian
       Storage: 
/var/lib/systemd/coredump/core.avr-ld.0.3f56606be08f444d957581bc66c9453f.1727.1604615232000000.zst
       Message: Process 1727 (avr-ld) of user 0 dumped core.
                
                Stack trace of thread 1727:
                #0  0x0000aaaae70f20e8 n/a (ld + 0x410e8)
                #1  0x0000aaaae70f1ff8 n/a (ld + 0x40ff8)
                #2  0x0000aaaae7203000 n/a (ld + 0x152000)

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Reading symbols from /usr/lib/avr/bin/ld...
(No debugging symbols found in /usr/lib/avr/bin/ld)

warning: core file may not match specified executable file.
[New LWP 1727]
Core was generated by `avr-ld'.
Program terminated with signal SIGILL, Illegal instruction.
#0  0x0000aaaae70f20e8 in ?? ()
(gdb) bt
#0  0x0000aaaae70f20e8 in ?? ()
#1  0x0000aaaae70f1ff8 in ?? ()
Backtrace stopped: previous frame identical to this frame (corrupt stack?)



Core was generated by `avr-ld'.
Program terminated with signal SIGILL, Illegal instruction.
#0  0x0000aaaae70f20e8 in e843419@0011_00000103_e2c ()
(gdb) set width 0
(gdb) set pagination off
(gdb) bt
#0  0x0000aaaae70f20e8 in e843419@0011_00000103_e2c ()
#1  0x0000aaaae70f1ff8 in ldfile_add_arch (in_name=0xaaaae719e318 "") at 
./ldfile.c:630
#2  0x0000aaaae70d50b8 in main (argc=<optimized out>, argv=<optimized out>) at 
./ldmain.c:288
(gdb) disassemble
Dump of assembler code for function e843419@0011_00000103_e2c:
=> 0x0000aaaae70f20e8 <+0>:     00 00 00 00     .inst   0x00000000 ; undefined
   0x0000aaaae70f20ec <+4>:     c7 ff ff 17     b       0xaaaae70f2008 
<ldfile_add_arch+48>
End of assembler dump.
(gdb)




benutzer@debian:~$ gdb -q --args avr-ld
Reading symbols from avr-ld...
Reading symbols from 
/usr/lib/debug/.build-id/fd/e44953ea45de89ec6972ccc715b32b367459b7.debug...
(gdb) b ldfile_add_arch
Breakpoint 1 at 0x40fd8: file ./ldfile.c, line 629.
(gdb) run
Starting program: /usr/bin/avr-ld 

Breakpoint 1, ldfile_add_arch (in_name=0xaaaaaab97318 "") at ./ldfile.c:629
629     ./ldfile.c: No such file or directory.
(gdb) record
(gdb) cont
Continuing.
Process record does not support instruction 0x0 at address 0xaaaaaaaeb0e8.
Process record: failed to record execution log.

Program stopped.
0x0000aaaaaaaeb0e8 in e843419@0011_00000103_e2c ()
(gdb) display/i $pc
1: x/i $pc
=> 0xaaaaaaaeb0e8 <e843419@0011_00000103_e2c>:  .inst   0x00000000 ; undefined
(gdb) reverse-stepi
0x0000aaaaaaaeb004 in ldfile_add_arch (in_name=0xaaaaaab97318 "") at 
./ldfile.c:633
633     in ./ldfile.c
1: x/i $pc
=> 0xaaaaaaaeb004 <ldfile_add_arch+44>: b       0xaaaaaaaeb0e8 
<e843419@0011_00000103_e2c>
(gdb)





benutzer@debian:~/source/binutils-avr/orig/binutils-avr-2.26.20160125+Atmel3.6.2/binutils/ld$
 gdb -q --args avr-ld
Reading symbols from avr-ld...
Reading symbols from 
/usr/lib/debug/.build-id/fd/e44953ea45de89ec6972ccc715b32b367459b7.debug...
(gdb) b ldfile_add_arch
Breakpoint 1 at 0x40fd8: file ./ldfile.c, line 629.
(gdb) display/i $pc
1: x/i $pc
<error: No registers.>
(gdb) run
Starting program: /usr/bin/avr-ld 

Breakpoint 1, ldfile_add_arch (in_name=0xaaaaaab97318 "") at ./ldfile.c:629
629       char *name = xstrdup (in_name);
1: x/i $pc
=> 0xaaaaaaaeafd8 <ldfile_add_arch>:    stp     x29, x30, [sp, #-32]!
(gdb) record
(gdb) cont
Continuing.
Process record does not support instruction 0x0 at address 0xaaaaaaaeb0e8.
Process record: failed to record execution log.

Program stopped.
0x0000aaaaaaaeb0e8 in e843419@0011_00000103_e2c ()
1: x/i $pc
=> 0xaaaaaaaeb0e8 <e843419@0011_00000103_e2c>:  .inst   0x00000000 ; undefined
(gdb) bt
#0  0x0000aaaaaaaeb0e8 in e843419@0011_00000103_e2c ()
#1  0x0000aaaaaaaeaff8 in ldfile_add_arch (in_name=0xaaaaaab97318 "") at 
./ldfile.c:630
#2  0x0000aaaaaaace0b8 in main (argc=<optimized out>, argv=<optimized out>) at 
./ldmain.c:288
(gdb) reverse-stepi
0x0000aaaaaaaeb004 in ldfile_add_arch (in_name=0xaaaaaab97318 "") at 
./ldfile.c:633
633       ldfile_output_machine_name = in_name;
1: x/i $pc
=> 0xaaaaaaaeb004 <ldfile_add_arch+44>: b       0xaaaaaaaeb0e8 
<e843419@0011_00000103_e2c>
(gdb) reverse-stepi
633       ldfile_output_machine_name = in_name;
1: x/i $pc
=> 0xaaaaaaaeb000 <ldfile_add_arch+40>: ldrb    w1, [x19]
(gdb) 
0x0000aaaaaaaeaffc      630       search_arch_type *new_arch = 
(search_arch_type *)
1: x/i $pc
=> 0xaaaaaaaeaffc <ldfile_add_arch+36>: adrp    x3, 0xaaaaaabf8000 
<mem...@got.plt>
(gdb)






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