I see.  If you "export" LC_TIME, then that may have priority ...

Please check output of "export"

My system is free from /etc/locale.conf

My "export" output for locale related variables are only with

declare -x LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
declare -x LANGUAGE="en_US:en"

Maybe changing example to use LC_ALL

$ export  LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8
$ LC_ALL=fr_CA.UTF-8 date
samedi 25 juillet 2020, 02:08:20 (UTC+0900)
$ LANG=fr_CA.UTF-8 date
Sat 25 Jul 2020 02:08:34 AM JST

On Fri, 2020-07-24 at 12:08 -0400, Hank Knox wrote:
> locales-all got installed by this morning's full-upgrade, but the
> issue 
> is the same.
> 
> I think my problem is having an /etc/locale.conf file with a bunch
> of 
> LC_ variables set. I don't know where that file came from, perhaps a 
> previous installation that got copied into the new one.
> 
> Hank
> 
> On 2020-07-24 11:39 a.m., Osamu Aoki wrote:
> > Oops,
> > 
> > I think your problem goes out if you install the locales-all
> > package
> > 
> > I forgot to ask:
> > 
> >   $ dpkg -l locales*
> > 
> > If you didn't install locales-all package or generate fr_CA.UTF-8
> > locale data manually by running the following
> > 
> >   $ sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales
> > 
> > You get English ... didn't I mention this ... Yes:
> > 
> >     For fine details of the locale configuration, see Section 8.4,
> > “The
> >     locale”.
> > 
> > You should have clicked there to read Section 8.4.  But not so
> > obvious
> > ... Now I know ...
> > 
> > Ububtu and Old Debian's locales are like locales-all on recent
> > Debian.
> > 
> > Current Debian's locales are small and requires user to configure
> > it
> > manually while locales-all is huge and pre-confugured
> > 
> > Maybe it is good idea to guide people to the locales-all package
> > 
> > On Fri, 2020-07-24 at 09:38 -0400, Hank Knox wrote:
> > > Thank you for taking the time to respond to this.
> > > 
> > > I was reading the Debian Reference shortly after a clean install
> > > of
> > > bullseye. (It's a very useful document, BTW, thanks for doing
> > > it.)
> > > However I have been running Debian for years and migrated some
> > > config
> > > files over from a previous installation so perhaps my setup does
> > > not
> > > reflect the usual defaults.
> > > 
> > > Here is the info you asked for:
> > > 
> > > hank@SunVillage:~$ locale
> > > LANG=en_CA.utf8
> > > LANGUAGE=
> > > LC_CTYPE="en_CA.utf8"
> > > LC_NUMERIC=en_CA.UTF-8
> > > LC_TIME=en_CA.UTF-8
> > > LC_COLLATE="en_CA.utf8"
> > > LC_MONETARY=en_CA.UTF-8
> > > LC_MESSAGES="en_CA.utf8"
> > > LC_PAPER=en_CA.UTF-8
> > > LC_NAME=en_CA.UTF-8
> > > LC_ADDRESS=en_CA.UTF-8
> > > LC_TELEPHONE=en_CA.UTF-8
> > > LC_MEASUREMENT=en_CA.UTF-8
> > > LC_IDENTIFICATION=en_CA.UTF-8
> > > LC_ALL=
> > > 
> > > hank@SunVillage:~$ echo
> > > $XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP='XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP'
> > > XFCE=XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP
> > > 
> > > I am not sure what is setting the various LC_ variables. I
> > > grepped
> > > my
> > > home directory, /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile and the only
> > > result
> > > that references LC_ is
> > > ".xsession-errors:dbus-update-activation-environment: setting
> > > LC_TIME=en_CA.UTF-8" in my home directory; there are similar
> > > entries
> > > for
> > > all the other LC_ variables in my environment. Is there some
> > > configuration of dbus that sets those variables? If so, I don't
> > > know
> > > where that is configured. I fear I have enough Linux experience
> > > to
> > > get
> > > in trouble but not enough to be really knowledgeable!
> > > 
> > > Best,
> > > 
> > > Hank Knox
> > > 
> > > On 2020-07-23 10:44 p.m., Osamu Aoki wrote:
> > > > Hmmm...
> > > > 
> > > > I agree this is probably not a bug but a user support
> > > > problem.  Let
> > > > me
> > > > add a comment:
> > > > 
> > > > I chose to use $LANG to set the locale since that seems to be
> > > > the
> > > > way
> > > > default install configures used by Debian system.
> > > > 
> > > > Hank, if you are facing this issue on some default install
> > > > system
> > > > without violating my recommendation, let is know your desktop
> > > > etc.
> > > > 
> > > > Please run the following to check:
> > > > 
> > > > $ locale
> > > > $ echo "XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP='$XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP'"
> > > > 
> > > > Report it back to this bug
> > > > 
> > > > Hank, anyway did you read on to the last part of 1.5.2 first:
> > > > 
> > > >      See locale(5) and locale(7) for "$LANG" and related
> > > > environment
> > > >      variables.
> > > > 
> > > >      [Note]     Note
> > > >      I recommend you to configure the system environment just
> > > > by the
> > > >      "$LANG" variable and to stay away from "$LC_*" variables
> > > > unless
> > > > it
> > > >      is absolutely needed.
> > > > 
> > > > I am pretty sure your system doesn't follow my recommendation.
> > > > 
> > > > FYI: locale(7) describes:
> > > > 
> > > > 1. If  there  is  a  non-null environment variable LC_ALL, the
> > > > value of
> > > >      LC_ALL is used.
> > > > 
> > > > 2. If an environment variable with the same name as one of the
> > > >      categories above exists and is non-null, its value is used
> > > > for
> > > > that
> > > >      category.
> > > > 
> > > > 3. If there is a non-null environment variable LANG, the value
> > > > of  LANG
> > > >      is used.

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