The problem only occurs with the pre-selected 'Dark' color scheme.
I tried to pre-select the 'System' color scheme in file /etc/gimp/2.0/gimprc (after deleting my personnel gimprc) but this setting was not taken into account. I assume file /usr/share/gimp/2.0/themes/Dark/gtkrc has to be changed to use white as foreground color in file dialogues. Best regards Heinrich