Package: network-manager Version: 1.19.90-2 Severity: grave Justification: renders package unusable
After upgrading to 1.19.90-2 and rebooting my machine, I completely lost Ethernet connection. cventin:~> journalctl -b -2 -g network -- Logs begin at Tue 2016-04-19 07:35:01 CEST, end at Mon 2019-08-05 11:12:14 CEST. -- Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin kernel: e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 3.2.6-k Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin kernel: e1000e 0000:00:19.0 eth0: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: /bin/run-parts --exit-on-error --verbose /etc/network/if-pre-up.d Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/ethtool Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/wpasupplicant Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: /bin/run-parts --exit-on-error --verbose /etc/network/if-pre-up.d Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/ethtool Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/wpasupplicant Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: /bin/run-parts --exit-on-error --verbose /etc/network/if-up.d Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/avahi-daemon Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/ethtool Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/mountnfs Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/wpasupplicant Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: /bin/run-parts --exit-on-error --verbose /etc/network/if-up.d Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/avahi-daemon Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/ethtool Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/mountnfs Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/wpasupplicant Aug 05 10:52:54 cventin systemd[1]: Starting Network Time Synchronization... Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin systemd[1]: Started Network Time Synchronization. Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin systemd[1]: Starting Network Manager... Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995175.9222] NetworkManager (version 1.19.90) is starting... (for the first time) Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995175.9223] Read config: /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf (lib: no-mac-addr-change.conf) Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <warn> [1564995175.9223] config: unknown key 'wifi.cloned-mac-address' in section [device-mac-addr-change-wifi] of file '/usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/no-mac-addr-change.conf' Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <warn> [1564995175.9223] config: unknown key 'ethernet.cloned-mac-address' in section [device-mac-addr-change-wifi] of file '/usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/no-mac-addr-change.conf' Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995175.9251] bus-manager: acquired D-Bus service "org.freedesktop.NetworkManager" Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995175.9316] monitoring ifupdown state file '/run/network/ifstate'. Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin dbus-daemon[788]: [system] Activating systemd to hand-off: service name='org.freedesktop.hostname1' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.hostname1.service' requested by ':1.5' (uid=0 pid=789 comm="/usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon ") Aug 05 10:52:56 cventin avahi-daemon[780]: Network interface enumeration completed. Aug 05 10:52:56 cventin systemd[1]: Started Network Manager. Aug 05 10:52:56 cventin systemd[1]: Starting Network Manager Wait Online... Aug 05 10:52:56 cventin systemd[1]: Reached target Network. Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3253] Loaded device plugin: NMWifiFactory (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-wifi.so) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3309] Loaded device plugin: NMBluezManager (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-bluetooth.so) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3316] Loaded device plugin: NMWwanFactory (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-wwan.so) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3348] Loaded device plugin: NMTeamFactory (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-team.so) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3358] Loaded device plugin: NMAtmManager (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-adsl.so) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3363] manager: Networking is enabled by state file Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin dbus-daemon[788]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service' requested by ':1.5' (uid=0 pid=789 comm="/usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon ") Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3378] settings: Loaded settings plugin: ifupdown ("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-settings-plugin-ifupdown.so") Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3379] ifupdown: interface-parser: parsing file /etc/network/interfaces Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3379] ifupdown: interface-parser: source line includes interfaces file(s) /etc/network/interfaces.d/* Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <warn> [1564995177.3380] ifupdown: interfaces file /etc/network/interfaces.d/* doesn't exist Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3380] ifupdown: interface-parser: finished parsing file /etc/network/interfaces Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3434] manager: (lo): new Generic device (/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/1) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3445] manager: (enp0s25): new Ethernet device (/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/2) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin systemd[1]: Starting Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service... Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin systemd[1]: Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service. Aug 05 10:53:00 cventin systemd[1004]: Listening on GnuPG network certificate management daemon. Aug 05 10:53:01 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995181.0887] manager: NetworkManager state is now CONNECTING Aug 05 10:53:08 cventin systemd[1]: NetworkManager-dispatcher.service: Succeeded. Aug 05 10:53:08 cventin systemd[1059]: Listening on GnuPG network certificate management daemon. Aug 05 10:53:19 cventin systemd[1004]: Closed GnuPG network certificate management daemon. Aug 05 10:53:26 cventin systemd[1]: NetworkManager-wait-online.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE Aug 05 10:53:26 cventin systemd[1]: NetworkManager-wait-online.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. Aug 05 10:53:26 cventin systemd[1]: Failed to start Network Manager Wait Online. Aug 05 10:53:26 cventin systemd[1]: Reached target Network is Online. [...] Downgrading to 1.14.6-2 solved the issue. As a comparison with this working version: cventin:~> journalctl -b -2 -g network -- Logs begin at Tue 2016-04-19 07:35:01 CEST, end at Mon 2019-08-05 11:12:14 CEST. -- Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin kernel: e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 3.2.6-k Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin kernel: e1000e 0000:00:19.0 eth0: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: /bin/run-parts --exit-on-error --verbose /etc/network/if-pre-up.d Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/ethtool Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/wpasupplicant Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: /bin/run-parts --exit-on-error --verbose /etc/network/if-pre-up.d Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/ethtool Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/wpasupplicant Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: /bin/run-parts --exit-on-error --verbose /etc/network/if-up.d Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/avahi-daemon Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/ethtool Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/mountnfs Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/wpasupplicant Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: /bin/run-parts --exit-on-error --verbose /etc/network/if-up.d Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/avahi-daemon Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/ethtool Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/mountnfs Aug 05 10:52:53 cventin ifup[485]: run-parts: executing /etc/network/if-up.d/wpasupplicant Aug 05 10:52:54 cventin systemd[1]: Starting Network Time Synchronization... Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin systemd[1]: Started Network Time Synchronization. Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin systemd[1]: Starting Network Manager... Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995175.9222] NetworkManager (version 1.19.90) is starting... (for the first time) Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995175.9223] Read config: /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf (lib: no-mac-addr-change.conf) Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <warn> [1564995175.9223] config: unknown key 'wifi.cloned-mac-address' in section [device-mac-addr-change-wifi] of file '/usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/no-mac-addr-change.conf' Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <warn> [1564995175.9223] config: unknown key 'ethernet.cloned-mac-address' in section [device-mac-addr-change-wifi] of file '/usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/no-mac-addr-change.conf' Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995175.9251] bus-manager: acquired D-Bus service "org.freedesktop.NetworkManager" Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995175.9316] monitoring ifupdown state file '/run/network/ifstate'. Aug 05 10:52:55 cventin dbus-daemon[788]: [system] Activating systemd to hand-off: service name='org.freedesktop.hostname1' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.hostname1.service' requested by ':1.5' (uid=0 pid=789 comm="/usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon ") Aug 05 10:52:56 cventin avahi-daemon[780]: Network interface enumeration completed. Aug 05 10:52:56 cventin systemd[1]: Started Network Manager. Aug 05 10:52:56 cventin systemd[1]: Starting Network Manager Wait Online... Aug 05 10:52:56 cventin systemd[1]: Reached target Network. Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3253] Loaded device plugin: NMWifiFactory (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-wifi.so) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3309] Loaded device plugin: NMBluezManager (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-bluetooth.so) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3316] Loaded device plugin: NMWwanFactory (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-wwan.so) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3348] Loaded device plugin: NMTeamFactory (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-team.so) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3358] Loaded device plugin: NMAtmManager (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-adsl.so) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3363] manager: Networking is enabled by state file Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin dbus-daemon[788]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service' requested by ':1.5' (uid=0 pid=789 comm="/usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon ") Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3378] settings: Loaded settings plugin: ifupdown ("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-settings-plugin-ifupdown.so") Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3379] ifupdown: interface-parser: parsing file /etc/network/interfaces Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3379] ifupdown: interface-parser: source line includes interfaces file(s) /etc/network/interfaces.d/* Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <warn> [1564995177.3380] ifupdown: interfaces file /etc/network/interfaces.d/* doesn't exist Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3380] ifupdown: interface-parser: finished parsing file /etc/network/interfaces Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3434] manager: (lo): new Generic device (/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/1) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995177.3445] manager: (enp0s25): new Ethernet device (/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/2) Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin systemd[1]: Starting Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service... Aug 05 10:52:57 cventin systemd[1]: Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service. Aug 05 10:53:00 cventin systemd[1004]: Listening on GnuPG network certificate management daemon. Aug 05 10:53:01 cventin NetworkManager[789]: <info> [1564995181.0887] manager: NetworkManager state is now CONNECTING Aug 05 10:53:08 cventin systemd[1]: NetworkManager-dispatcher.service: Succeeded. Aug 05 10:53:08 cventin systemd[1059]: Listening on GnuPG network certificate management daemon. Aug 05 10:53:19 cventin systemd[1004]: Closed GnuPG network certificate management daemon. Aug 05 10:53:26 cventin systemd[1]: NetworkManager-wait-online.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE Aug 05 10:53:26 cventin systemd[1]: NetworkManager-wait-online.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. Aug 05 10:53:26 cventin systemd[1]: Failed to start Network Manager Wait Online. Aug 05 10:53:26 cventin systemd[1]: Reached target Network is Online. Aug 05 10:53:43 cventin systemd[3017]: Listening on GnuPG network certificate management daemon. Aug 05 10:54:00 cventin systemd[3017]: Closed GnuPG network certificate management daemon. Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin systemd[1]: Stopping Network Manager... Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin dbus-daemon[788]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service' requested by ':1.5' (uid=0 pid=789 comm="/usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon ") Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin systemd[1]: NetworkManager.service: Succeeded. Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin systemd[1]: Stopped Network Manager. Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin systemd[1]: Starting Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service... Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin systemd[1]: Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service. Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin systemd[1]: Starting Network Manager... Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995556.4359] NetworkManager (version 1.19.90) is starting... (after a restart) Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995556.4360] Read config: /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf (lib: no-mac-addr-change.conf) Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <warn> [1564995556.4361] config: unknown key 'wifi.cloned-mac-address' in section [device-mac-addr-change-wifi] of file '/usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/no-mac-addr-change.conf' Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <warn> [1564995556.4361] config: unknown key 'ethernet.cloned-mac-address' in section [device-mac-addr-change-wifi] of file '/usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/no-mac-addr-change.conf' Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin systemd[1]: Started Network Manager. Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995556.4388] bus-manager: acquired D-Bus service "org.freedesktop.NetworkManager" Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995556.4437] monitoring ifupdown state file '/run/network/ifstate'. Aug 05 10:59:16 cventin dbus-daemon[788]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.hostname1' unit='dbus-org.freedesktop.hostname1.service' requested by ':1.99' (uid=0 pid=4686 comm="/usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon ") Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995557.0002] Loaded device plugin: NMWifiFactory (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-wifi.so) Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995557.0026] Loaded device plugin: NMBluezManager (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-bluetooth.so) Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995557.0030] Loaded device plugin: NMWwanFactory (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-wwan.so) Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995557.0046] Loaded device plugin: NMTeamFactory (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-team.so) Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995557.0050] Loaded device plugin: NMAtmManager (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-device-plugin-adsl.so) Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995557.0056] manager: Networking is enabled by state file Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995557.0061] settings: Loaded settings plugin: ifupdown ("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/1.19.90/libnm-settings-plugin-ifupdown.so") Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995557.0062] ifupdown: interface-parser: parsing file /etc/network/interfaces Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995557.0063] ifupdown: interface-parser: source line includes interfaces file(s) /etc/network/interfaces.d/* Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <warn> [1564995557.0063] ifupdown: interfaces file /etc/network/interfaces.d/* doesn't exist Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995557.0064] ifupdown: interface-parser: finished parsing file /etc/network/interfaces Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995557.0112] manager: (lo): new Generic device (/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/1) Aug 05 10:59:17 cventin NetworkManager[4686]: <info> [1564995557.0129] manager: (enp0s25): new Ethernet device (/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/2) Aug 05 10:59:27 cventin systemd[1]: NetworkManager-dispatcher.service: Succeeded. [...] -- System Information: Debian Release: bullseye/sid APT prefers unstable-debug APT policy: (500, 'unstable-debug'), (500, 'unstable'), (500, 'testing'), (500, 'stable'), (1, 'experimental') Architecture: amd64 (x86_64) Foreign Architectures: i386 Kernel: Linux 4.19.0-5-amd64 (SMP w/12 CPU cores) Kernel taint flags: TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE, TAINT_OOT_MODULE, TAINT_UNSIGNED_MODULE Locale: LANG=POSIX, LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 (charmap=UTF-8), LANGUAGE=POSIX (charmap=UTF-8) Shell: /bin/sh linked to /bin/dash Init: systemd (via /run/systemd/system) LSM: AppArmor: enabled Versions of packages network-manager depends on: ii adduser 3.118 ii dbus 1.12.16-1 ii init-system-helpers 1.57 ii libaudit1 1:2.8.5-2 ii libbluetooth3 5.50-1+b1 ii libc6 2.28-10 ii libcurl3-gnutls 7.65.1-1 ii libglib2.0-0 2.60.6-1 ii libgnutls30 3.6.8-2 ii libjansson4 2.12-1 ii libmm-glib0 1.10.0-1 ii libndp0 1.6-1+b1 ii libnewt0.52 0.52.21-2 ii libnm0 1.19.90-2 ii libpam-systemd 241-7 ii libpolkit-agent-1-0 0.105-25 ii libpolkit-gobject-1-0 0.105-25 ii libpsl5 0.20.2-2 ii libreadline8 8.0-2 ii libselinux1 2.9-2 ii libsystemd0 241-7 ii libteamdctl0 1.28-1 ii libudev1 241-7 ii libuuid1 2.34-0.1 ii policykit-1 0.105-25 ii udev 241-7 ii wpasupplicant 2:2.8-3 Versions of packages network-manager recommends: ii crda 3.18-1 ii dnsmasq-base [dnsmasq-base] 2.80-1 ii iptables 1.8.3-2 ii modemmanager 1.10.0-1 pn ppp <none> Versions of packages network-manager suggests: ii isc-dhcp-client 4.4.1-2 pn libteam-utils <none> -- no debconf information