Hi, The issue is probably in openstack-debian-images rather than in cloud-init. I'm therefore reassigning the bug.
The directive really is "source" and not "include" as you wrote. In the default OpenStack image from cdimage.d.o, there is already that source directive, so it should work by default. We've set this default interfaces file: --- /etc/network/interfaces --- # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The normal eth0 allow-hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp # Allow for systemd name first nic # This will work on most KVM installations. allow-hotplug ens3 iface ens3 inet dhcp # Set this one last, so that cloud-init or user can # override defaults. source /etc/network/interfaces.d/* --- END OF FILE --- Let me know if you think that's not good. I'll upload a fixed openstack-debian-images soon otherwise. Cheers, Thomas Goirand (zigo)