Vincent Lefevre wrote:
I wonder whether anyone is interested in matching individual bytes
in a file regarded as UTF-8 encoded. This seems weird.

It's not weird at all. For example, suppose we invent the notation [[:error:]] to match encoding errors. Then the pattern '[[:error:]]' would match all encoding errors in a file, which could well be a useful thing.

Currently, for example, the tz package <http://www.iana.org/time-zones> has a Make rule 'check_character_set' that verifies that the source files are all properly encoded. It executes this shell command:

! grep -nv '^.*$' file names

This relies on GNU grep's behavior that "." does not match an encoding error. But it's a command that is not obvious. It'd be simpler and clearer to write this:

! grep -n '[[:error:]]' file names

if such a feature were available.


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