The following Cython source:

cdef extern from "header":
    cdef cppclass String
    cdef cppclass List[T]
    cdef cppclass StringList(List[String])

    cdef cppclass String:
        String()
        int length()

    cdef cppclass List[T]:
        List()
        int length()

    cdef cppclass StringList(List[String]):
        StringList()
        void sort()

causes a crash:

Error compiling Cython file:
------------------------------------------------------------
...

    cdef cppclass List[T]:
        List()
        int length()

    cdef cppclass StringList(List[String]):
        ^
------------------------------------------------------------

s.pyx:14:9: Cannot inherit from incomplete type

Error compiling Cython file:
------------------------------------------------------------
...
    cdef cppclass List[T]:
        List()
        int length()

    cdef cppclass StringList(List[String]):
        StringList()
       ^
------------------------------------------------------------

s.pyx:15:8: Compiler crash in AnalyseDeclarationsTransform

File 'ModuleNode.py', line 101, in analyse_declarations: ModuleNode(s.pyx:1:0,
    full_module_name = 's')
File 'Nodes.py', line 382, in analyse_declarations: StatListNode(s.pyx:1:5)
File 'Nodes.py', line 438, in analyse_declarations: CDefExternNode(s.pyx:1:5,
    include_file = u'header')
File 'Nodes.py', line 382, in analyse_declarations: StatListNode(s.pyx:2:4)
File 'Nodes.py', line 1313, in analyse_declarations: CppClassNode(s.pyx:14:9,
    base_classes = [...]/1,
    name = u'StringList',
    visibility = u'extern')
File 'Nodes.py', line 1203, in analyse_declarations: CVarDefNode(s.pyx:15:8,
    modifiers = [...]/0,
    visibility = u'extern')

Compiler crash traceback from this point on:
  File ".../Cython/Compiler/Nodes.py", line 1203, in analyse_declarations
    api = self.api, modifiers = self.modifiers)
  File ".../Cython/Compiler/Symtab.py", line 2131, in declare_cfunction
    self.check_base_default_constructor(pos)
  File ".../Cython/Compiler/Symtab.py", line 2108, in \
                                            check_base_default_constructor
    temp_entry = base_class.scope.lookup_here("<init>")
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'lookup_here'

There seem to be two problems here: the AttributeError crash, but also the
earlier "Cannot inherit from incomplete type" message. None of the types look
incomplete; if you comment out the forward declarations, no error is reported:
so it looks as if the forward declarations aren't being tied up with the actual
declarations. In the actual use case, of course, I need the forward decls.

Regards,

Vinay Sajip

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