Corinna,

As result of the removal of create_token() (sec_auth.cc) in the call flow
of seteuid32(), something like:

@@ cat seteuid.c
int
main()
{
    errno = 0;
    if (seteuid( (uid_t)1004) != 0) { // 1004 = uid of different user
printf("seteuid: errno = %d, errstr = %s\n", errno, strerror(errno) );
    } else printf("1004, OK\n");
}

returns an INCORRECT errno (http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/seteuid.2.html)

64-@@ ./seteuid
seteuid: errno = 13, errstr = Permission denied ... huh? WRONG!

On Linux this simple "Simple Test Case" will result in:

@@ seteuid: errno = 1, errstr = Operation not permitted

-----
Before the introduction of "Service for User Logon" (s4u), calling
seteuid (or companions) would eventually result in

 - calling create_token, which in turn would call
 - NtCreateToken

If NtCreateToken() failed, it returned the following status:

 - STATUS_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD ((NTSTATUS)0xC0000061), which would
   map to:
 - ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD __MSABI_LONG(1314), which in turn would
   map to:
 - errno = EPERM (1, i.c. "Operation not permitted")

See errmap[],
  geterrno_from_nt_status() and
  geterrno_from_win_error() in winsup/cygwin/errno.cc

-----
Om my system I have fixed this regression as follows:

64-@@ uname -a
CYGWIN_NT-6.1 Seven 3.0.4(0.338/5/3) 2019-03-26 08:25 x86_64 Cygwin

I applied the following hack to winsup/cygwin/sec_auth.cc:

1496 HANDLE
1497 s4uauth (bool logon, PCWSTR domain, PCWSTR user, NTSTATUS &ret_status)
1498 {
...
1525   if (logon) // true in the call flow from seteuid32()
1526     {
1527       /* Register as logon process. */
1528       debug_printf ("Impersonation requested");
1529       RtlInitAnsiString (&name, "Cygwin");
1530 status = LsaRegisterLogonProcess (&name, &lsa_hdl, &sec_mode);
1531     }
1532   else
1533     {
1534       /* Connect untrusted to just create a identification token */
1535       debug_printf ("Identification requested");
1536       status = LsaConnectUntrusted (&lsa_hdl);
1537     }
1538   if (status != STATUS_SUCCESS)
1539     {
1540       debug_printf ("%s: %y", logon ? "LsaRegisterLogonProcess"
1541 : "LsaConnectUntrusted", status);
// Henri: HACK!
// LsaRegisterLogonProcess returns STATUS_PORT_CONNECTION_REFUSED if (status == STATUS_PORT_CONNECTION_REFUSED) // ((NTSTATUS)0xC0000041) // => EACCES ... WRONG!
             {
               // status that was previously returned by NtCreateToken
status = STATUS_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD; // ((NTSTATUS)0xC0000061) => EPERM
             }
// STATUS_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD maps to ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD (1314),
           // which in turn maps to EPERM (1)
// Henri
1542       __seterrno_from_nt_status (status);
1543       goto out;
1544     }

Henri

Attached: errmapping-sorted.txt
     1 INVALID_FUNCTION          =>   54 EBADRQC         => Invalid request code
     2 FILE_NOT_FOUND            =>    2 ENOENT          => No such file or 
directory
     3 PATH_NOT_FOUND            =>    2 ENOENT          => No such file or 
directory
     4 TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES       =>   24 EMFILE          => Too many open files
     5 ACCESS_DENIED             =>   13 EACCES          => Permission denied
     6 INVALID_HANDLE            =>    9 EBADF           => Bad file descriptor
     8 NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY         =>   12 ENOMEM          => Cannot allocate 
memory
    13 INVALID_DATA              =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
    14 OUTOFMEMORY               =>   12 ENOMEM          => Cannot allocate 
memory
    15 INVALID_DRIVE             =>   19 ENODEV          => No such device
    17 NOT_SAME_DEVICE           =>   18 EXDEV           => Invalid 
cross-device link
    18 NO_MORE_FILES             =>   89 ENMFILE         => No more files
    19 WRITE_PROTECT             =>   30 EROFS           => Read-only file 
system
    20 BAD_UNIT                  =>   19 ENODEV          => No such device
    21 NOT_READY                 =>  135 ENOMEDIUM       => No medium found
    23 CRC                       =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
    25 SEEK                      =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
    27 SECTOR_NOT_FOUND          =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
    32 SHARING_VIOLATION         =>   16 EBUSY           => Device or resource 
busy
    33 LOCK_VIOLATION            =>   16 EBUSY           => Device or resource 
busy
    36 SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED   =>   46 ENOLCK          => No locks available
    38 HANDLE_EOF                =>   61 ENODATA         => No data available
    39 HANDLE_DISK_FULL          =>   28 ENOSPC          => No space left on 
device
    50 NOT_SUPPORTED             =>   88 ENOSYS          => Function not 
implemented
    51 REM_NOT_LIST              =>   64 ENONET          => Machine is not on 
the network
    52 DUP_NAME                  =>   80 ENOTUNIQ        => Name not unique on 
network
    53 BAD_NETPATH               =>    2 ENOENT          => No such file or 
directory
    55 DEV_NOT_EXIST             =>    2 ENOENT          => No such file or 
directory
    58 BAD_NET_RESP              =>   88 ENOSYS          => Function not 
implemented
    59 UNEXP_NET_ERR             =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
    64 NETNAME_DELETED           =>    2 ENOENT          => No such file or 
directory
    67 BAD_NET_NAME              =>    2 ENOENT          => No such file or 
directory
    80 FILE_EXISTS               =>   17 EEXIST          => File exists
    82 CANNOT_MAKE               =>    1 EPERM           => Operation not 
permitted
    87 INVALID_PARAMETER         =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
    89 NO_PROC_SLOTS             =>   11 EAGAIN          => Resource 
temporarily unavailable
   104 INVALID_AT_INTERRUPT_TIME =>    4 EINTR           => Interrupted system 
call
   109 BROKEN_PIPE               =>   32 EPIPE           => Broken pipe
   110 OPEN_FAILED               =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
   112 DISK_FULL                 =>   28 ENOSPC          => No space left on 
device
   113 NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES    =>   23 ENFILE          => Too many open files 
in system
   120 CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED      =>   88 ENOSYS          => Function not 
implemented
   123 INVALID_NAME              =>    2 ENOENT          => No such file or 
directory
   126 MOD_NOT_FOUND             =>    2 ENOENT          => No such file or 
directory
   127 PROC_NOT_FOUND            =>    3 ESRCH           => No such process
   128 WAIT_NO_CHILDREN          =>   10 ECHILD          => No child processes
   129 CHILD_NOT_COMPLETE        =>   16 EBUSY           => Device or resource 
busy
   131 NEGATIVE_SEEK             =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
   145 DIR_NOT_EMPTY             =>   90 ENOTEMPTY       => Directory not empty
   156 SIGNAL_REFUSED            =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
   161 BAD_PATHNAME              =>    2 ENOENT          => No such file or 
directory
   162 SIGNAL_PENDING            =>   16 EBUSY           => Device or resource 
busy
   164 MAX_THRDS_REACHED         =>   11 EAGAIN          => Resource 
temporarily unavailable
   170 BUSY                      =>   16 EBUSY           => Device or resource 
busy
   183 ALREADY_EXISTS            =>   17 EEXIST          => File exists
   191 INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE     =>    8 ENOEXEC         => Exec format error
   192 EXE_MARKED_INVALID        =>    8 ENOEXEC         => Exec format error
   193 BAD_EXE_FORMAT            =>    8 ENOEXEC         => Exec format error
   197 IOPL_NOT_ENABLED          =>    8 ENOEXEC         => Exec format error
   205 NO_SIGNAL_SENT            =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
   206 FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE      =>   91 ENAMETOOLONG    => File name too long
   208 META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG   =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
   209 INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER     =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
   210 THREAD_1_INACTIVE         =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
   216 EXE_MACHINE_TYPE_MISMATCH =>    8 ENOEXEC         => Exec format error
   230 BAD_PIPE                  =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
   231 PIPE_BUSY                 =>   16 EBUSY           => Device or resource 
busy
   232 NO_DATA                   =>   32 EPIPE           => Broken pipe
   233 PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED        =>   70 ECOMM           => Communication error 
on send
   234 MORE_DATA                 =>  122 EMSGSIZE        => Message too long
   254 INVALID_EA_NAME           =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
   255 EA_LIST_INCONSISTENT      =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
   259 NO_MORE_ITEMS             =>   89 ENMFILE         => No more files
   267 DIRECTORY                 =>   20 ENOTDIR         => Not a directory
   275 EAS_DIDNT_FIT             =>   28 ENOSPC          => No space left on 
device
   277 EA_TABLE_FULL             =>   28 ENOSPC          => No space left on 
device
   282 EAS_NOT_SUPPORTED         =>  134 ENOTSUP         => Not supported
   288 NOT_OWNER                 =>    1 EPERM           => Operation not 
permitted
   487 INVALID_ADDRESS           =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
   535 PIPE_CONNECTED            =>   16 EBUSY           => Device or resource 
busy
   536 PIPE_LISTENING            =>   70 ECOMM           => Communication error 
on send
   996 IO_INCOMPLETE             =>   11 EAGAIN          => Resource 
temporarily unavailable
   997 IO_PENDING                =>   11 EAGAIN          => Resource 
temporarily unavailable
   998 NOACCESS                  =>   14 EFAULT          => Bad address
  1006 FILE_INVALID              =>    6 ENXIO           => No such device or 
address
  1008 NO_TOKEN                  =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
  1053 SERVICE_REQUEST_TIMEOUT   =>   16 EBUSY           => Device or resource 
busy
  1067 PROCESS_ABORTED           =>   14 EFAULT          => Bad address
  1100 END_OF_MEDIA              =>   28 ENOSPC          => No space left on 
device
  1101 FILEMARK_DETECTED         =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
  1102 BEGINNING_OF_MEDIA        =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
  1103 SETMARK_DETECTED          =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
  1104 NO_DATA_DETECTED          =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
  1106 INVALID_BLOCK_LENGTH      =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
  1111 BUS_RESET                 =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
  1112 NO_MEDIA_IN_DRIVE         =>  135 ENOMEDIUM       => No medium found
  1117 IO_DEVICE                 =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
  1129 EOM_OVERFLOW              =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
  1131 POSSIBLE_DEADLOCK         =>   56 EDEADLOCK       => File locking 
deadlock error
  1142 TOO_MANY_LINKS            =>   31 EMLINK          => Too many links
  1165 DEVICE_REQUIRES_CLEANING  =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
  1166 DEVICE_DOOR_OPEN          =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
  1200 BAD_DEVICE                =>   19 ENODEV          => No such device
  1223 CANCELLED                 =>    4 EINTR           => Interrupted system 
call
  1225 CONNECTION_REFUSED        =>  111 ECONNREFUSED    => Connection refused
  1314 PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD        =>    1 EPERM           => Operation not 
permitted
  1332 NONE_MAPPED               =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
  1392 FILE_CORRUPT              =>   17 EEXIST          => File exists
  1393 DISK_CORRUPT              =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
  1450 NO_SYSTEM_RESOURCES       =>   27 EFBIG           => File too large
  1451 NONPAGED_SYSTEM_RESOURCES =>   11 EAGAIN          => Resource 
temporarily unavailable
  1452 PAGED_SYSTEM_RESOURCES    =>   11 EAGAIN          => Resource 
temporarily unavailable
  1453 WORKING_SET_QUOTA         =>   11 EAGAIN          => Resource 
temporarily unavailable
  1454 PAGEFILE_QUOTA            =>   11 EAGAIN          => Resource 
temporarily unavailable
  1455 COMMITMENT_LIMIT          =>   11 EAGAIN          => Resource 
temporarily unavailable
  1460 TIMEOUT                   =>   16 EBUSY           => Device or resource 
busy
  1816 NOT_ENOUGH_QUOTA          =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
  2202 BAD_USERNAME              =>   22 EINVAL          => Invalid argument
  2250 NOT_CONNECTED             =>   67 ENOLINK         => Link has been 
severed
  2401 OPEN_FILES                =>   11 EAGAIN          => Resource 
temporarily unavailable
  2402 ACTIVE_CONNECTIONS        =>   11 EAGAIN          => Resource 
temporarily unavailable
  2404 DEVICE_IN_USE             =>   11 EAGAIN          => Resource 
temporarily unavailable
  8341 DS_GENERIC_ERROR          =>    5 EIO             => Input/output error
 14001 SXS_CANT_GEN_ACTCTX       =>   84 ELIBBAD         => Accessing a 
corrupted shared library
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