Jackie-Jiang commented on a change in pull request #6899:
URL: https://github.com/apache/incubator-pinot/pull/6899#discussion_r650224746



##########
File path: 
pinot-core/src/test/java/org/apache/pinot/core/util/TableConfigUtilsTest.java
##########
@@ -984,17 +989,19 @@ public void testValidateIndexingConfig() {
       // Expected
     }
 
-    tableConfig = new 
TableConfigBuilder(TableType.OFFLINE).setTableName(TABLE_NAME).setVarLengthDictionaryColumns(Arrays.asList("intCol")).
-        build();
+    tableConfig = new 
TableConfigBuilder(TableType.OFFLINE).setTableName(TABLE_NAME)
+        .setVarLengthDictionaryColumns(Arrays.asList("intCol")).

Review comment:
       +1, seems not correctly formatted

##########
File path: 
pinot-segment-local/src/main/java/org/apache/pinot/segment/local/indexsegment/mutable/MutableSegmentImpl.java
##########
@@ -178,20 +175,20 @@ public MutableSegmentImpl(RealtimeSegmentConfig config, 
@Nullable ServerMetrics
             realtimeSegmentZKMetadata.getEndTime(), 
realtimeSegmentZKMetadata.getTimeUnit(),
             realtimeSegmentZKMetadata.getTotalDocs(), 
realtimeSegmentZKMetadata.getCrc(), _schema) {
           @Override
-      public int getTotalDocs() {
-        return _numDocsIndexed;
-      }
+          public int getTotalDocs() {
+            return _numDocsIndexed;
+          }
 
-      @Override
-      public long getLastIndexedTimestamp() {
-        return _lastIndexedTimeMs;
-      }
+          @Override
+          public long getLastIndexedTimestamp() {
+            return _lastIndexedTimeMs;
+          }
 
-      @Override
-      public long getLatestIngestionTimestamp() {
-        return _latestIngestionTimeMs;
-      }
-    };
+          @Override
+          public long getLatestIngestionTimestamp() {
+            return _latestIngestionTimeMs;

Review comment:
       The old indentation seems wrong though

##########
File path: 
pinot-segment-local/src/main/java/org/apache/pinot/segment/local/upsert/PartialUpsertHandler.java
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.pinot.segment.local.upsert;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import org.apache.helix.HelixDataAccessor;
+import org.apache.helix.HelixManager;
+import org.apache.helix.PropertyKey;
+import org.apache.helix.model.CurrentState;
+import org.apache.helix.model.IdealState;
+import org.apache.helix.model.LiveInstance;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.local.upsert.merger.PartialUpsertMerger;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.local.upsert.merger.PartialUpsertMergerFactory;
+import org.apache.pinot.spi.config.table.UpsertConfig;
+import org.apache.pinot.spi.data.readers.GenericRow;
+import 
org.apache.pinot.spi.utils.CommonConstants.Helix.StateModel.SegmentStateModel;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+
+public class PartialUpsertHandler {
+  private static final Logger LOGGER = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(PartialUpsertHandler.class);
+
+  private final Map<String, PartialUpsertMerger> _mergers = new HashMap<>();
+
+  private final HelixManager _helixManager;
+  private final String _tableNameWithType;
+  private boolean _allSegmentsLoaded;

Review comment:
       We need it only at server startup, where new consuming segment should 
wait for all other segments for the table loaded before starting consuming

##########
File path: 
pinot-core/src/test/java/org/apache/pinot/core/util/TableConfigUtilsTest.java
##########
@@ -984,17 +989,19 @@ public void testValidateIndexingConfig() {
       // Expected
     }
 
-    tableConfig = new 
TableConfigBuilder(TableType.OFFLINE).setTableName(TABLE_NAME).setVarLengthDictionaryColumns(Arrays.asList("intCol")).
-        build();
+    tableConfig = new 
TableConfigBuilder(TableType.OFFLINE).setTableName(TABLE_NAME)
+        .setVarLengthDictionaryColumns(Arrays.asList("intCol")).

Review comment:
       @deemoliu 
https://docs.pinot.apache.org/developers/developers-and-contributors/code-setup

##########
File path: 
pinot-segment-local/src/main/java/org/apache/pinot/segment/local/upsert/PartialUpsertHandler.java
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.pinot.segment.local.upsert;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import org.apache.helix.HelixDataAccessor;
+import org.apache.helix.HelixManager;
+import org.apache.helix.PropertyKey;
+import org.apache.helix.model.CurrentState;
+import org.apache.helix.model.IdealState;
+import org.apache.helix.model.LiveInstance;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.local.upsert.merger.PartialUpsertMerger;
+import org.apache.pinot.segment.local.upsert.merger.PartialUpsertMergerFactory;
+import org.apache.pinot.spi.config.table.UpsertConfig;
+import org.apache.pinot.spi.data.readers.GenericRow;
+import 
org.apache.pinot.spi.utils.CommonConstants.Helix.StateModel.SegmentStateModel;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+
+public class PartialUpsertHandler {
+  private static final Logger LOGGER = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(PartialUpsertHandler.class);
+
+  private final Map<String, PartialUpsertMerger> _mergers = new HashMap<>();
+
+  private final HelixManager _helixManager;
+  private final String _tableNameWithType;
+  private boolean _allSegmentsLoaded;

Review comment:
       That won't work because basically that is changing the history. The 
change must come from the stream events

##########
File path: 
pinot-segment-local/src/main/java/org/apache/pinot/segment/local/upsert/PartitionUpsertMetadataManager.java
##########
@@ -60,128 +64,175 @@
   private final String _tableNameWithType;
   private final int _partitionId;
   private final ServerMetrics _serverMetrics;
+  private final PartialUpsertHandler _partialUpsertHandler;
 
-  public PartitionUpsertMetadataManager(String tableNameWithType, int 
partitionId, ServerMetrics serverMetrics) {
+  // TODO(upset): consider an off-heap KV store to persist this index to 
improve the recovery speed.
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  final ConcurrentHashMap<PrimaryKey, RecordLocation> 
_primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+  // Reused for reading previous record during partial upsert
+  private final GenericRow _reuse = new GenericRow();
+  // Stores the result of updateRecord()
+  private GenericRow _result;
+
+  public PartitionUpsertMetadataManager(String tableNameWithType, int 
partitionId, ServerMetrics serverMetrics,
+      @Nullable PartialUpsertHandler partialUpsertHandler) {
     _tableNameWithType = tableNameWithType;
     _partitionId = partitionId;
     _serverMetrics = serverMetrics;
+    _partialUpsertHandler = partialUpsertHandler;
   }
 
-  public ConcurrentHashMap<PrimaryKey, RecordLocation> 
getPrimaryKeyToRecordLocationMap() {
-    return _primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap;
+  /**
+   * Initializes the upsert metadata for the given immutable segment.
+   */
+  public void addSegment(ImmutableSegmentImpl immutableSegment, 
Iterator<RecordInfo> recordInfoIterator) {
+    addSegment(immutableSegment, recordInfoIterator, new 
ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap());
   }
 
-  // TODO(upset): consider an off-heap KV store to persist this index to 
improve the recovery speed.
   @VisibleForTesting
-  final ConcurrentHashMap<PrimaryKey, RecordLocation> 
_primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
-
-  /**
-   * Initializes the upsert metadata for the given immutable segment, returns 
the valid doc ids for the segment.
-   */
-  public ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap addSegment(String segmentName, 
Iterator<RecordInfo> recordInfoIterator) {
+  void addSegment(ImmutableSegmentImpl immutableSegment, Iterator<RecordInfo> 
recordInfoIterator,
+      ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap validDocIds) {
+    String segmentName = immutableSegment.getSegmentName();
     LOGGER.info("Adding upsert metadata for segment: {}", segmentName);
+    immutableSegment.enableUpsert(this, validDocIds);
 
-    ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap validDocIds = new 
ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap();
     while (recordInfoIterator.hasNext()) {
       RecordInfo recordInfo = recordInfoIterator.next();
       _primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap.compute(recordInfo._primaryKey, 
(primaryKey, currentRecordLocation) -> {
         if (currentRecordLocation != null) {
           // Existing primary key
 
-          if (segmentName.equals(currentRecordLocation.getSegmentName())) {
-            // The current record location has the same segment name
-
-            // Update the record location when the new timestamp is greater 
than or equal to the current timestamp.
-            // There are 2 scenarios:
-            //   1. The current record location is pointing to the same 
segment (the segment being added). In this case,
-            //      we want to update the record location when there is a tie 
to keep the newer record. Note that the
-            //      record info iterator will return records with incremental 
doc ids.
-            //   2. The current record location is pointing to the old segment 
being replaced. This could happen when
-            //      committing a consuming segment, or reloading a completed 
segment. In this case, we want to update
-            //      the record location when there is a tie because the record 
locations should point to the new added
-            //      segment instead of the old segment being replaced. Also, 
do not update the valid doc ids for the old
-            //      segment because it has not been replaced yet.
+          // The current record is in the same segment
+          // Update the record location when there is a tie to keep the newer 
record. Note that the record info iterator
+          // will return records with incremental doc ids.
+          IndexSegment currentSegment = currentRecordLocation.getSegment();
+          if (immutableSegment == currentSegment) {
             if (recordInfo._timestamp >= currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp()) 
{
-              // Only update the valid doc ids for the new segment
-              if (validDocIds == currentRecordLocation.getValidDocIds()) {
-                validDocIds.remove(currentRecordLocation.getDocId());
-              }
+              validDocIds.remove(currentRecordLocation.getDocId());
               validDocIds.add(recordInfo._docId);
-              return new RecordLocation(segmentName, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp, validDocIds);
+              return new RecordLocation(immutableSegment, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp);
             } else {
               return currentRecordLocation;
             }
-          } else {
-            // The current record location is pointing to a different segment
-
-            // Update the record location when getting a newer timestamp, or 
the timestamp is the same as the current
-            // timestamp, but the segment has a larger sequence number (the 
segment is newer than the current segment).
-            if (recordInfo._timestamp > currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp() 
|| (
-                recordInfo._timestamp == currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp()
-                    && 
LLCSegmentName.isLowLevelConsumerSegmentName(segmentName)
-                    && 
LLCSegmentName.isLowLevelConsumerSegmentName(currentRecordLocation.getSegmentName())
-                    && LLCSegmentName.getSequenceNumber(segmentName) > 
LLCSegmentName
-                    
.getSequenceNumber(currentRecordLocation.getSegmentName()))) {
-              
currentRecordLocation.getValidDocIds().remove(currentRecordLocation.getDocId());
+          }
+
+          // The current record is in an old segment being replaced
+          // This could happen when committing a consuming segment, or 
reloading a completed segment. In this case, we
+          // want to update the record location when there is a tie because 
the record locations should point to the new
+          // added segment instead of the old segment being replaced. Also, do 
not update the valid doc ids for the old
+          // segment because it has not been replaced yet.
+          String currentSegmentName = currentSegment.getSegmentName();
+          if (segmentName.equals(currentSegmentName)) {
+            if (recordInfo._timestamp >= currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp()) 
{
               validDocIds.add(recordInfo._docId);
-              return new RecordLocation(segmentName, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp, validDocIds);
+              return new RecordLocation(immutableSegment, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp);
             } else {
               return currentRecordLocation;
             }
           }
+
+          // The current record is in a different segment
+          // Update the record location when getting a newer timestamp, or the 
timestamp is the same as the current
+          // timestamp, but the segment has a larger sequence number (the 
segment is newer than the current segment).
+          if (recordInfo._timestamp > currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp() || (
+              recordInfo._timestamp == currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp() && 
LLCSegmentName
+                  .isLowLevelConsumerSegmentName(segmentName) && LLCSegmentName
+                  .isLowLevelConsumerSegmentName(currentSegmentName)
+                  && LLCSegmentName.getSequenceNumber(segmentName) > 
LLCSegmentName
+                  .getSequenceNumber(currentSegmentName))) {
+            assert currentSegment.getValidDocIds() != null;
+            
currentSegment.getValidDocIds().remove(currentRecordLocation.getDocId());
+            validDocIds.add(recordInfo._docId);
+            return new RecordLocation(immutableSegment, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp);
+          } else {
+            return currentRecordLocation;
+          }
         } else {
           // New primary key
           validDocIds.add(recordInfo._docId);
-          return new RecordLocation(segmentName, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp, validDocIds);
+          return new RecordLocation(immutableSegment, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp);
         }
       });
     }
     // Update metrics
     _serverMetrics.setValueOfPartitionGauge(_tableNameWithType, _partitionId, 
ServerGauge.UPSERT_PRIMARY_KEYS_COUNT,
         _primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap.size());
-    return validDocIds;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Updates the upsert metadata for a new consumed record in the given 
consuming segment.
+   * Updates the upsert metadata for a new consumed record in the given 
consuming segment. Returns the merged record if
+   * partial-upsert is enabled.
    */
-  public void updateRecord(String segmentName, RecordInfo recordInfo, 
ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap validDocIds) {
+  public GenericRow updateRecord(IndexSegment segment, RecordInfo recordInfo, 
GenericRow record) {
+    // For partial-upsert, need to ensure all previous records are loaded 
before inserting new records.
+    if (_partialUpsertHandler != null) {
+      while (!_partialUpsertHandler.isAllSegmentsLoaded()) {
+        LOGGER
+            .info("Sleeping 1 second waiting for all segments loaded for 
partial-upsert table: {}", _tableNameWithType);

Review comment:
       This is blocking the ingestion, so it won't seal while waiting

##########
File path: 
pinot-segment-local/src/main/java/org/apache/pinot/segment/local/upsert/merger/IncrementMerger.java
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.pinot.segment.local.upsert.merger;
+
+public class IncrementMerger implements PartialUpsertMerger {
+  IncrementMerger() {

Review comment:
       The factory creates one instance of each merger, so it is package private

##########
File path: 
pinot-segment-local/src/main/java/org/apache/pinot/segment/local/upsert/PartitionUpsertMetadataManager.java
##########
@@ -60,128 +64,175 @@
   private final String _tableNameWithType;
   private final int _partitionId;
   private final ServerMetrics _serverMetrics;
+  private final PartialUpsertHandler _partialUpsertHandler;
 
-  public PartitionUpsertMetadataManager(String tableNameWithType, int 
partitionId, ServerMetrics serverMetrics) {
+  // TODO(upset): consider an off-heap KV store to persist this index to 
improve the recovery speed.
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  final ConcurrentHashMap<PrimaryKey, RecordLocation> 
_primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+  // Reused for reading previous record during partial upsert
+  private final GenericRow _reuse = new GenericRow();
+  // Stores the result of updateRecord()
+  private GenericRow _result;
+
+  public PartitionUpsertMetadataManager(String tableNameWithType, int 
partitionId, ServerMetrics serverMetrics,
+      @Nullable PartialUpsertHandler partialUpsertHandler) {
     _tableNameWithType = tableNameWithType;
     _partitionId = partitionId;
     _serverMetrics = serverMetrics;
+    _partialUpsertHandler = partialUpsertHandler;
   }
 
-  public ConcurrentHashMap<PrimaryKey, RecordLocation> 
getPrimaryKeyToRecordLocationMap() {
-    return _primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap;
+  /**
+   * Initializes the upsert metadata for the given immutable segment.
+   */
+  public void addSegment(ImmutableSegmentImpl immutableSegment, 
Iterator<RecordInfo> recordInfoIterator) {
+    addSegment(immutableSegment, recordInfoIterator, new 
ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap());
   }
 
-  // TODO(upset): consider an off-heap KV store to persist this index to 
improve the recovery speed.
   @VisibleForTesting
-  final ConcurrentHashMap<PrimaryKey, RecordLocation> 
_primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
-
-  /**
-   * Initializes the upsert metadata for the given immutable segment, returns 
the valid doc ids for the segment.
-   */
-  public ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap addSegment(String segmentName, 
Iterator<RecordInfo> recordInfoIterator) {
+  void addSegment(ImmutableSegmentImpl immutableSegment, Iterator<RecordInfo> 
recordInfoIterator,
+      ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap validDocIds) {
+    String segmentName = immutableSegment.getSegmentName();
     LOGGER.info("Adding upsert metadata for segment: {}", segmentName);
+    immutableSegment.enableUpsert(this, validDocIds);
 
-    ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap validDocIds = new 
ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap();
     while (recordInfoIterator.hasNext()) {
       RecordInfo recordInfo = recordInfoIterator.next();
       _primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap.compute(recordInfo._primaryKey, 
(primaryKey, currentRecordLocation) -> {
         if (currentRecordLocation != null) {
           // Existing primary key
 
-          if (segmentName.equals(currentRecordLocation.getSegmentName())) {
-            // The current record location has the same segment name
-
-            // Update the record location when the new timestamp is greater 
than or equal to the current timestamp.
-            // There are 2 scenarios:
-            //   1. The current record location is pointing to the same 
segment (the segment being added). In this case,
-            //      we want to update the record location when there is a tie 
to keep the newer record. Note that the
-            //      record info iterator will return records with incremental 
doc ids.
-            //   2. The current record location is pointing to the old segment 
being replaced. This could happen when
-            //      committing a consuming segment, or reloading a completed 
segment. In this case, we want to update
-            //      the record location when there is a tie because the record 
locations should point to the new added
-            //      segment instead of the old segment being replaced. Also, 
do not update the valid doc ids for the old
-            //      segment because it has not been replaced yet.
+          // The current record is in the same segment
+          // Update the record location when there is a tie to keep the newer 
record. Note that the record info iterator
+          // will return records with incremental doc ids.
+          IndexSegment currentSegment = currentRecordLocation.getSegment();
+          if (immutableSegment == currentSegment) {
             if (recordInfo._timestamp >= currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp()) 
{
-              // Only update the valid doc ids for the new segment
-              if (validDocIds == currentRecordLocation.getValidDocIds()) {
-                validDocIds.remove(currentRecordLocation.getDocId());
-              }
+              validDocIds.remove(currentRecordLocation.getDocId());
               validDocIds.add(recordInfo._docId);
-              return new RecordLocation(segmentName, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp, validDocIds);
+              return new RecordLocation(immutableSegment, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp);
             } else {
               return currentRecordLocation;
             }
-          } else {
-            // The current record location is pointing to a different segment
-
-            // Update the record location when getting a newer timestamp, or 
the timestamp is the same as the current
-            // timestamp, but the segment has a larger sequence number (the 
segment is newer than the current segment).
-            if (recordInfo._timestamp > currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp() 
|| (
-                recordInfo._timestamp == currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp()
-                    && 
LLCSegmentName.isLowLevelConsumerSegmentName(segmentName)
-                    && 
LLCSegmentName.isLowLevelConsumerSegmentName(currentRecordLocation.getSegmentName())
-                    && LLCSegmentName.getSequenceNumber(segmentName) > 
LLCSegmentName
-                    
.getSequenceNumber(currentRecordLocation.getSegmentName()))) {
-              
currentRecordLocation.getValidDocIds().remove(currentRecordLocation.getDocId());
+          }
+
+          // The current record is in an old segment being replaced
+          // This could happen when committing a consuming segment, or 
reloading a completed segment. In this case, we
+          // want to update the record location when there is a tie because 
the record locations should point to the new
+          // added segment instead of the old segment being replaced. Also, do 
not update the valid doc ids for the old
+          // segment because it has not been replaced yet.
+          String currentSegmentName = currentSegment.getSegmentName();
+          if (segmentName.equals(currentSegmentName)) {
+            if (recordInfo._timestamp >= currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp()) 
{
               validDocIds.add(recordInfo._docId);
-              return new RecordLocation(segmentName, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp, validDocIds);
+              return new RecordLocation(immutableSegment, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp);
             } else {
               return currentRecordLocation;
             }
           }
+
+          // The current record is in a different segment
+          // Update the record location when getting a newer timestamp, or the 
timestamp is the same as the current
+          // timestamp, but the segment has a larger sequence number (the 
segment is newer than the current segment).
+          if (recordInfo._timestamp > currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp() || (
+              recordInfo._timestamp == currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp() && 
LLCSegmentName
+                  .isLowLevelConsumerSegmentName(segmentName) && LLCSegmentName
+                  .isLowLevelConsumerSegmentName(currentSegmentName)
+                  && LLCSegmentName.getSequenceNumber(segmentName) > 
LLCSegmentName
+                  .getSequenceNumber(currentSegmentName))) {
+            assert currentSegment.getValidDocIds() != null;
+            
currentSegment.getValidDocIds().remove(currentRecordLocation.getDocId());
+            validDocIds.add(recordInfo._docId);
+            return new RecordLocation(immutableSegment, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp);
+          } else {
+            return currentRecordLocation;
+          }
         } else {
           // New primary key
           validDocIds.add(recordInfo._docId);
-          return new RecordLocation(segmentName, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp, validDocIds);
+          return new RecordLocation(immutableSegment, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp);
         }
       });
     }
     // Update metrics
     _serverMetrics.setValueOfPartitionGauge(_tableNameWithType, _partitionId, 
ServerGauge.UPSERT_PRIMARY_KEYS_COUNT,
         _primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap.size());
-    return validDocIds;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Updates the upsert metadata for a new consumed record in the given 
consuming segment.
+   * Updates the upsert metadata for a new consumed record in the given 
consuming segment. Returns the merged record if
+   * partial-upsert is enabled.
    */
-  public void updateRecord(String segmentName, RecordInfo recordInfo, 
ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap validDocIds) {
+  public GenericRow updateRecord(IndexSegment segment, RecordInfo recordInfo, 
GenericRow record) {
+    // For partial-upsert, need to ensure all previous records are loaded 
before inserting new records.
+    if (_partialUpsertHandler != null) {
+      while (!_partialUpsertHandler.isAllSegmentsLoaded()) {
+        LOGGER
+            .info("Sleeping 1 second waiting for all segments loaded for 
partial-upsert table: {}", _tableNameWithType);
+        try {
+          //noinspection BusyWait
+          Thread.sleep(1000L);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+          throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    _result = record;
     _primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap.compute(recordInfo._primaryKey, 
(primaryKey, currentRecordLocation) -> {
       if (currentRecordLocation != null) {
         // Existing primary key
 
         // Update the record location when the new timestamp is greater than 
or equal to the current timestamp. Update
         // the record location when there is a tie to keep the newer record.
         if (recordInfo._timestamp >= currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp()) {
-          
currentRecordLocation.getValidDocIds().remove(currentRecordLocation.getDocId());
-          validDocIds.add(recordInfo._docId);
-          return new RecordLocation(segmentName, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp, validDocIds);
+          IndexSegment currentSegment = currentRecordLocation.getSegment();
+          if (_partialUpsertHandler != null) {
+            // Partial upsert
+            GenericRow previousRecord = 
currentSegment.getRecord(currentRecordLocation.getDocId(), _reuse);

Review comment:
       No, if record location is not null, then we should be able to read the 
previous record.
   `IndexSegment.getRecord()` will never return null

##########
File path: 
pinot-segment-local/src/main/java/org/apache/pinot/segment/local/upsert/PartitionUpsertMetadataManager.java
##########
@@ -60,128 +64,175 @@
   private final String _tableNameWithType;
   private final int _partitionId;
   private final ServerMetrics _serverMetrics;
+  private final PartialUpsertHandler _partialUpsertHandler;
 
-  public PartitionUpsertMetadataManager(String tableNameWithType, int 
partitionId, ServerMetrics serverMetrics) {
+  // TODO(upset): consider an off-heap KV store to persist this index to 
improve the recovery speed.
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  final ConcurrentHashMap<PrimaryKey, RecordLocation> 
_primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+  // Reused for reading previous record during partial upsert
+  private final GenericRow _reuse = new GenericRow();
+  // Stores the result of updateRecord()
+  private GenericRow _result;
+
+  public PartitionUpsertMetadataManager(String tableNameWithType, int 
partitionId, ServerMetrics serverMetrics,
+      @Nullable PartialUpsertHandler partialUpsertHandler) {
     _tableNameWithType = tableNameWithType;
     _partitionId = partitionId;
     _serverMetrics = serverMetrics;
+    _partialUpsertHandler = partialUpsertHandler;
   }
 
-  public ConcurrentHashMap<PrimaryKey, RecordLocation> 
getPrimaryKeyToRecordLocationMap() {
-    return _primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap;
+  /**
+   * Initializes the upsert metadata for the given immutable segment.
+   */
+  public void addSegment(ImmutableSegmentImpl immutableSegment, 
Iterator<RecordInfo> recordInfoIterator) {
+    addSegment(immutableSegment, recordInfoIterator, new 
ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap());
   }
 
-  // TODO(upset): consider an off-heap KV store to persist this index to 
improve the recovery speed.
   @VisibleForTesting
-  final ConcurrentHashMap<PrimaryKey, RecordLocation> 
_primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
-
-  /**
-   * Initializes the upsert metadata for the given immutable segment, returns 
the valid doc ids for the segment.
-   */
-  public ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap addSegment(String segmentName, 
Iterator<RecordInfo> recordInfoIterator) {
+  void addSegment(ImmutableSegmentImpl immutableSegment, Iterator<RecordInfo> 
recordInfoIterator,
+      ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap validDocIds) {
+    String segmentName = immutableSegment.getSegmentName();
     LOGGER.info("Adding upsert metadata for segment: {}", segmentName);
+    immutableSegment.enableUpsert(this, validDocIds);
 
-    ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap validDocIds = new 
ThreadSafeMutableRoaringBitmap();
     while (recordInfoIterator.hasNext()) {
       RecordInfo recordInfo = recordInfoIterator.next();
       _primaryKeyToRecordLocationMap.compute(recordInfo._primaryKey, 
(primaryKey, currentRecordLocation) -> {
         if (currentRecordLocation != null) {
           // Existing primary key
 
-          if (segmentName.equals(currentRecordLocation.getSegmentName())) {
-            // The current record location has the same segment name
-
-            // Update the record location when the new timestamp is greater 
than or equal to the current timestamp.
-            // There are 2 scenarios:
-            //   1. The current record location is pointing to the same 
segment (the segment being added). In this case,
-            //      we want to update the record location when there is a tie 
to keep the newer record. Note that the
-            //      record info iterator will return records with incremental 
doc ids.
-            //   2. The current record location is pointing to the old segment 
being replaced. This could happen when
-            //      committing a consuming segment, or reloading a completed 
segment. In this case, we want to update
-            //      the record location when there is a tie because the record 
locations should point to the new added
-            //      segment instead of the old segment being replaced. Also, 
do not update the valid doc ids for the old
-            //      segment because it has not been replaced yet.
+          // The current record is in the same segment
+          // Update the record location when there is a tie to keep the newer 
record. Note that the record info iterator
+          // will return records with incremental doc ids.
+          IndexSegment currentSegment = currentRecordLocation.getSegment();
+          if (immutableSegment == currentSegment) {
             if (recordInfo._timestamp >= currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp()) 
{
-              // Only update the valid doc ids for the new segment
-              if (validDocIds == currentRecordLocation.getValidDocIds()) {
-                validDocIds.remove(currentRecordLocation.getDocId());
-              }
+              validDocIds.remove(currentRecordLocation.getDocId());
               validDocIds.add(recordInfo._docId);
-              return new RecordLocation(segmentName, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp, validDocIds);
+              return new RecordLocation(immutableSegment, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp);
             } else {
               return currentRecordLocation;
             }
-          } else {
-            // The current record location is pointing to a different segment
-
-            // Update the record location when getting a newer timestamp, or 
the timestamp is the same as the current
-            // timestamp, but the segment has a larger sequence number (the 
segment is newer than the current segment).
-            if (recordInfo._timestamp > currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp() 
|| (
-                recordInfo._timestamp == currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp()
-                    && 
LLCSegmentName.isLowLevelConsumerSegmentName(segmentName)
-                    && 
LLCSegmentName.isLowLevelConsumerSegmentName(currentRecordLocation.getSegmentName())
-                    && LLCSegmentName.getSequenceNumber(segmentName) > 
LLCSegmentName
-                    
.getSequenceNumber(currentRecordLocation.getSegmentName()))) {
-              
currentRecordLocation.getValidDocIds().remove(currentRecordLocation.getDocId());
+          }
+
+          // The current record is in an old segment being replaced
+          // This could happen when committing a consuming segment, or 
reloading a completed segment. In this case, we
+          // want to update the record location when there is a tie because 
the record locations should point to the new
+          // added segment instead of the old segment being replaced. Also, do 
not update the valid doc ids for the old
+          // segment because it has not been replaced yet.
+          String currentSegmentName = currentSegment.getSegmentName();
+          if (segmentName.equals(currentSegmentName)) {
+            if (recordInfo._timestamp >= currentRecordLocation.getTimestamp()) 
{
               validDocIds.add(recordInfo._docId);
-              return new RecordLocation(segmentName, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp, validDocIds);
+              return new RecordLocation(immutableSegment, recordInfo._docId, 
recordInfo._timestamp);
             } else {
               return currentRecordLocation;
             }
           }
+
+          // The current record is in a different segment
+          // Update the record location when getting a newer timestamp, or the 
timestamp is the same as the current
+          // timestamp, but the segment has a larger sequence number (the 
segment is newer than the current segment).

Review comment:
       Partial upsert requires storing the actual segment instead of the 
segment name because it requires reading the previous record from the segment.
   The handling logic is the same as full upsert, where the immutable segment 
(completed segment) is loaded via the `addSegment()` (per-segment load), and 
the consuming segment is loaded via the `updateRecord()` (per-record load).




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