somandal commented on code in PR #15618:
URL: https://github.com/apache/pinot/pull/15618#discussion_r2076083881


##########
pinot-controller/src/main/java/org/apache/pinot/controller/helix/core/rebalance/TableRebalancer.java:
##########
@@ -1300,50 +1301,91 @@ private IdealState waitForExternalViewToConverge(String 
tableNameWithType, boole
       long estimateAverageSegmentSizeInBytes, Set<String> 
allSegmentsFromIdealState,
       Logger tableRebalanceLogger)
       throws InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
-    long endTimeMs = System.currentTimeMillis() + 
externalViewStabilizationTimeoutInMs;
+    long startTimeMs = System.currentTimeMillis();
+    long endTimeMs = startTimeMs + externalViewStabilizationTimeoutInMs;
+    int extensionCount = 0;
 
     IdealState idealState;
-    do {
-      tableRebalanceLogger.debug("Start to check if ExternalView converges to 
IdealStates");
-      idealState = 
_helixDataAccessor.getProperty(_helixDataAccessor.keyBuilder().idealStates(tableNameWithType));
-      // IdealState might be null if table got deleted, throwing exception to 
abort the rebalance
-      Preconditions.checkState(idealState != null, "Failed to find the 
IdealState");
-
-      ExternalView externalView =
-          
_helixDataAccessor.getProperty(_helixDataAccessor.keyBuilder().externalView(tableNameWithType));
-      // ExternalView might be null when table is just created, skipping check 
for this iteration
-      if (externalView != null) {
-        // Record external view and ideal state convergence status
-        TableRebalanceObserver.RebalanceContext rebalanceContext = new 
TableRebalanceObserver.RebalanceContext(
-            estimateAverageSegmentSizeInBytes, allSegmentsFromIdealState, 
segmentsToMonitor);
-        _tableRebalanceObserver.onTrigger(
-            
TableRebalanceObserver.Trigger.EXTERNAL_VIEW_TO_IDEAL_STATE_CONVERGENCE_TRIGGER,
-            externalView.getRecord().getMapFields(), 
idealState.getRecord().getMapFields(), rebalanceContext);
-        // Update unique segment list as IS-EV trigger must have processed 
these
-        allSegmentsFromIdealState = 
idealState.getRecord().getMapFields().keySet();
-        if (_tableRebalanceObserver.isStopped()) {
-          throw new RuntimeException(
-              String.format("Rebalance has already stopped with status: %s", 
_tableRebalanceObserver.getStopStatus()));
-        }
-        if (isExternalViewConverged(tableNameWithType, 
externalView.getRecord().getMapFields(),
-            idealState.getRecord().getMapFields(), lowDiskMode, bestEfforts, 
segmentsToMonitor, tableRebalanceLogger)) {
-          tableRebalanceLogger.info("ExternalView converged");
-          return idealState;
+    ExternalView externalView;
+    int previousRemainingSegments = -1;
+    tableRebalanceLogger.info("Waiting for ExternalView to converge, {} 
segments to monitor in current step",
+        segmentsToMonitor.size());
+    while (true) {
+      do {
+        tableRebalanceLogger.debug("Start to check if ExternalView converges 
to IdealStates");
+        idealState = 
_helixDataAccessor.getProperty(_helixDataAccessor.keyBuilder().idealStates(tableNameWithType));
+        // IdealState might be null if table got deleted, throwing exception 
to abort the rebalance
+        Preconditions.checkState(idealState != null, "Failed to find the 
IdealState");
+
+        externalView = 
_helixDataAccessor.getProperty(_helixDataAccessor.keyBuilder().externalView(tableNameWithType));
+        // ExternalView might be null when table is just created, skipping 
check for this iteration
+        if (externalView != null) {
+          // Record external view and ideal state convergence status
+          TableRebalanceObserver.RebalanceContext rebalanceContext = new 
TableRebalanceObserver.RebalanceContext(
+              estimateAverageSegmentSizeInBytes, allSegmentsFromIdealState, 
segmentsToMonitor);
+          _tableRebalanceObserver.onTrigger(
+              
TableRebalanceObserver.Trigger.EXTERNAL_VIEW_TO_IDEAL_STATE_CONVERGENCE_TRIGGER,
+              externalView.getRecord().getMapFields(), 
idealState.getRecord().getMapFields(), rebalanceContext);
+          // Update unique segment list as IS-EV trigger must have processed 
these
+          allSegmentsFromIdealState = 
idealState.getRecord().getMapFields().keySet();
+          if (_tableRebalanceObserver.isStopped()) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(
+                String.format("Rebalance has already stopped with status: %s",
+                    _tableRebalanceObserver.getStopStatus()));
+          }
+          if (isExternalViewConverged(tableNameWithType, 
externalView.getRecord().getMapFields(),
+              idealState.getRecord().getMapFields(), lowDiskMode, bestEfforts, 
segmentsToMonitor,
+              tableRebalanceLogger)) {
+            tableRebalanceLogger.info("ExternalView converged in {}ms, with {} 
extensions",
+                System.currentTimeMillis() - startTimeMs, extensionCount);
+            return idealState;
+          }
+          if (previousRemainingSegments < 0) {
+            // initialize previousRemainingSegments
+            previousRemainingSegments = 
getNumRemainingSegmentsToProcess(tableNameWithType,
+                externalView.getRecord().getMapFields(), 
idealState.getRecord().getMapFields(), lowDiskMode,
+                bestEfforts, segmentsToMonitor, tableRebalanceLogger, false);
+            tableRebalanceLogger.info("Remaining {} segments to be 
processed.", previousRemainingSegments);
+          }
         }
+        tableRebalanceLogger.debug("ExternalView has not converged to 
IdealStates. Retry after: {}ms",
+            externalViewCheckIntervalInMs);
+        Thread.sleep(externalViewCheckIntervalInMs);
+      } while (System.currentTimeMillis() < endTimeMs);
+
+      if (bestEfforts) {
+        tableRebalanceLogger.warn(
+            "ExternalView has not converged within: {}ms, continuing the 
rebalance (best-efforts)",
+            externalViewStabilizationTimeoutInMs);
+        return idealState;
       }
-      tableRebalanceLogger.debug("ExternalView has not converged to 
IdealStates. Retry after: {}ms",
-          externalViewCheckIntervalInMs);
-      Thread.sleep(externalViewCheckIntervalInMs);
-    } while (System.currentTimeMillis() < endTimeMs);
 
-    if (bestEfforts) {
-      tableRebalanceLogger.warn(
-          "ExternalView has not converged within: {}ms, continuing the 
rebalance (best-efforts)",
-          externalViewStabilizationTimeoutInMs);
-      return idealState;
-    } else {
-      throw new TimeoutException(String.format("ExternalView has not converged 
within: %d ms",
-          externalViewStabilizationTimeoutInMs));
+      if (externalView == null) {
+        tableRebalanceLogger.warn("ExternalView is null, will not extend the 
EV stabilization timeout.");
+        throw new TimeoutException(
+            String.format("ExternalView is null, cannot wait for it to 
converge within %dms",
+                externalViewStabilizationTimeoutInMs));
+      }
+      int currentRemainingSegments = 
getNumRemainingSegmentsToProcess(tableNameWithType,
+          externalView.getRecord().getMapFields(), 
idealState.getRecord().getMapFields(), lowDiskMode, bestEfforts,
+          segmentsToMonitor, tableRebalanceLogger, false);
+
+      // It is possible that remainingSegments increases so that 
currentRemainingSegments > previousRemainingSegments,
+      // likely due to CONSUMING segments committing, where the state of the 
segment change to ONLINE. Therefore, if
+      // the segment had converged, it then becomes un-converged and thus 
increases the count.
+      if (currentRemainingSegments >= previousRemainingSegments) {
+        throw new TimeoutException(
+            String.format(
+                "ExternalView has not made progress for the last %dms, timeout 
after spending %dms waiting (%d "
+                    + "extensions)", externalViewStabilizationTimeoutInMs, 
System.currentTimeMillis() - startTimeMs,
+                extensionCount));
+      }
+      tableRebalanceLogger.info(
+          "Extending EV stabilization timeout for another {}ms, remaining {} 
segments to be processed.",

Review Comment:
   won't it be useful for debugging purposes to see which iteration we are on 
for extension? easier to see sequence number than find all logs and count? 
(assuming we haven't completed yet and don't know total number of iterations)



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