w41ter commented on code in PR #38243:
URL: https://github.com/apache/doris/pull/38243#discussion_r1706688019


##########
cloud/src/meta-service/meta_service.cpp:
##########
@@ -387,10 +410,28 @@ void 
MetaServiceImpl::batch_get_version(::google::protobuf::RpcController* contr
                         msg = "malformed version value";
                         break;
                     }
+                    if (version_pb.has_txn_id()) {
+                        txn.reset();
+                        std::shared_ptr<TxnLazyCommitTask> task =
+                                txn_lazy_committer_->submit(instance_id, 
version_pb.txn_id());
+                        std::tie(code, msg) = task->wait();
+                        if (code != MetaServiceCode::OK) {
+                            LOG(WARNING) << "wait txn lazy commit failed, 
txn_id="
+                                         << version_pb.txn_id();
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        goto TRY_AGAIN;

Review Comment:
   We don't need to retry again, just like the `get_version`, returning the 
version directly is enough.



##########
cloud/src/meta-service/meta_service.cpp:
##########
@@ -237,46 +238,63 @@ void 
MetaServiceImpl::get_version(::google::protobuf::RpcController* controller,
         partition_version_key({instance_id, db_id, table_id, partition_id}, 
&ver_key);
     }
 
-    std::unique_ptr<Transaction> txn;
-    TxnErrorCode err = txn_kv_->create_txn(&txn);
-    if (err != TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {
-        msg = "failed to create txn";
-        code = cast_as<ErrCategory::CREATE>(err);
-        return;
-    }
+    do {
+        code = MetaServiceCode::OK;
+        std::unique_ptr<Transaction> txn;
+        TxnErrorCode err = txn_kv_->create_txn(&txn);
+        if (err != TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {
+            msg = "failed to create txn";
+            code = cast_as<ErrCategory::CREATE>(err);
+            return;
+        }
 
-    std::string ver_val;
-    // 0 for success get a key, 1 for key not found, negative for error
-    err = txn->get(ver_key, &ver_val);
-    VLOG_DEBUG << "xxx get version_key=" << hex(ver_key);
-    if (err == TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {
-        if (is_table_version) {
-            int64_t version = 0;
-            if (!txn->decode_atomic_int(ver_val, &version)) {
-                code = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_PARSE_ERR;
-                msg = "malformed table version value";
-                return;
-            }
-            response->set_version(version);
-        } else {
-            VersionPB version_pb;
-            if (!version_pb.ParseFromString(ver_val)) {
-                code = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_PARSE_ERR;
-                msg = "malformed version value";
-                return;
+        std::string ver_val;
+        // 0 for success get a key, 1 for key not found, negative for error
+        err = txn->get(ver_key, &ver_val);
+        VLOG_DEBUG << "xxx get version_key=" << hex(ver_key);
+        if (err == TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {
+            if (is_table_version) {
+                int64_t version = 0;
+                if (!txn->decode_atomic_int(ver_val, &version)) {
+                    code = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_PARSE_ERR;
+                    msg = "malformed table version value";
+                    return;
+                }
+                response->set_version(version);
+            } else {
+                VersionPB version_pb;
+                if (!version_pb.ParseFromString(ver_val)) {
+                    code = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_PARSE_ERR;
+                    msg = "malformed version value";
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                if (version_pb.has_txn_id()) {
+                    txn.reset();
+                    std::shared_ptr<TxnLazyCommitTask> task =
+                            txn_lazy_committer_->submit(instance_id, 
version_pb.txn_id());
+
+                    std::tie(code, msg) = task->wait();
+                    if (code != MetaServiceCode::OK) {
+                        LOG(WARNING)
+                                << "wait txn lazy commit failed, txn_id=" << 
version_pb.txn_id();
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                response->set_version(version_pb.version());
+                
response->add_version_update_time_ms(version_pb.update_time_ms());
             }
-            response->set_version(version_pb.version());
-            response->add_version_update_time_ms(version_pb.update_time_ms());
+            { TEST_SYNC_POINT_CALLBACK("get_version_code", &code); }
+            return;
+        } else if (err == TxnErrorCode::TXN_KEY_NOT_FOUND) {
+            msg = "not found";
+            code = MetaServiceCode::VERSION_NOT_FOUND;
+            return;
         }
-        { TEST_SYNC_POINT_CALLBACK("get_version_code", &code); }
-        return;
-    } else if (err == TxnErrorCode::TXN_KEY_NOT_FOUND) {
-        msg = "not found";
-        code = MetaServiceCode::VERSION_NOT_FOUND;
-        return;
-    }
-    msg = fmt::format("failed to get txn, err={}", err);
-    code = cast_as<ErrCategory::READ>(err);
+        msg = fmt::format("failed to get txn, err={}", err);
+        code = cast_as<ErrCategory::READ>(err);
+    } while (false);

Review Comment:
   remove the `while`, since the `continue` are removed.



##########
cloud/src/meta-service/txn_lazy_committer.cpp:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+#include "txn_lazy_committer.h"
+
+#include "common/logging.h"
+#include "common/util.h"
+#include "meta-service/keys.h"
+#include "meta-service/meta_service_helper.h"
+
+namespace doris::cloud {
+
+void scan_tmp_rowset(
+        const std::string& instance_id, int64_t txn_id, std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> 
txn_kv,
+        MetaServiceCode& code, std::string& msg, int64_t* db_id,
+        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>>* 
tmp_rowsets_meta);
+
+void convert_tmp_rowsets(
+        const std::string& instance_id, int64_t txn_id, std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> 
txn_kv,
+        MetaServiceCode& code, std::string& msg, int64_t db_id,
+        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>>& 
tmp_rowsets_meta,
+        std::unordered_map<int64_t, TabletIndexPB>& tablet_ids);
+
+void make_committed_txn_visible(const std::string& instance_id, int64_t db_id, 
int64_t txn_id,
+                                std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> txn_kv, 
MetaServiceCode& code,
+                                std::string& msg);
+
+TxnLazyCommitTask::TxnLazyCommitTask(const std::string& instance_id, int64_t 
txn_id,
+                                     std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> txn_kv,
+                                     TxnLazyCommitter* txn_lazy_committer)
+        : instance_id_(instance_id),
+          txn_id_(txn_id),
+          txn_kv_(txn_kv),
+          txn_lazy_committer_(txn_lazy_committer) {
+    DCHECK(txn_id > 0);
+}
+
+void TxnLazyCommitTask::commit() {
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    do {
+        code_ = MetaServiceCode::OK;
+        msg_.clear();
+        int64_t db_id;
+        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>> 
tmp_rowset_metas;
+        scan_tmp_rowset(instance_id_, txn_id_, txn_kv_, code_, msg_, &db_id, 
&tmp_rowset_metas);
+        if (code_ != MetaServiceCode::OK) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "scan_tmp_rowset failed, txn_id=" << txn_id_ << " 
code=" << code_;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        VLOG_DEBUG << "txn_id=" << txn_id_
+                   << " tmp_rowset_metas.size()=" << tmp_rowset_metas.size();
+        if (tmp_rowset_metas.size() == 0) {
+            LOG(INFO) << "empty tmp_rowset_metas, txn_id=" << txn_id_;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        // <partition_id, tmp_rowsets>
+        std::unordered_map<int64_t, std::vector<std::pair<std::string, 
doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>>>
+                partition_to_tmp_rowset_metas;
+        for (auto& [tmp_rowset_key, tmp_rowset_pb] : tmp_rowset_metas) {
+            
partition_to_tmp_rowset_metas[tmp_rowset_pb.partition_id()].emplace_back();
+            
partition_to_tmp_rowset_metas[tmp_rowset_pb.partition_id()].back().first =
+                    tmp_rowset_key;
+            
partition_to_tmp_rowset_metas[tmp_rowset_pb.partition_id()].back().second =
+                    tmp_rowset_pb;
+        }
+
+        // tablet_id -> TabletIndexPB
+        std::unordered_map<int64_t, TabletIndexPB> tablet_ids;
+        for (auto& [partition_id, tmp_rowset_metas] : 
partition_to_tmp_rowset_metas) {
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < tmp_rowset_metas.size();
+                 i += config::txn_lazy_max_rowsets_per_batch) {
+                size_t end = (i + config::txn_lazy_max_rowsets_per_batch) > 
tmp_rowset_metas.size()
+                                     ? tmp_rowset_metas.size()
+                                     : i + 
config::txn_lazy_max_rowsets_per_batch;
+                std::vector<std::pair<std::string, doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>>
+                        
sub_partition_tmp_rowset_metas(tmp_rowset_metas.begin() + i,
+                                                       
tmp_rowset_metas.begin() + end);
+                convert_tmp_rowsets(instance_id_, txn_id_, txn_kv_, code_, 
msg_, db_id,
+                                    sub_partition_tmp_rowset_metas, 
tablet_ids);
+                if (code_ != MetaServiceCode::OK) break;
+            }
+            if (code_ != MetaServiceCode::OK) break;
+
+            DCHECK(tmp_rowset_metas.size() > 0);
+            std::unique_ptr<Transaction> txn;
+            TxnErrorCode err = txn_kv_->create_txn(&txn);
+            if (err != TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {
+                code_ = cast_as<ErrCategory::CREATE>(err);
+                ss << "failed to create txn, txn_id=" << txn_id_ << " err=" << 
err;
+                msg_ = ss.str();
+                LOG(WARNING) << msg_;
+                break;
+            }
+
+            int64_t table_id = -1;
+            for (auto& [tmp_rowset_key, tmp_rowset_pb] : tmp_rowset_metas) {
+                if (table_id <= 0) {
+                    table_id = 
tablet_ids[tmp_rowset_pb.tablet_id()].table_id();
+                }
+                txn->remove(tmp_rowset_key);
+            }
+
+            DCHECK(table_id > 0);
+            DCHECK(partition_id > 0);
+
+            std::string ver_val;
+            std::string ver_key =
+                    partition_version_key({instance_id_, db_id, table_id, 
partition_id});
+            err = txn->get(ver_key, &ver_val);
+            if (TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK != err) {
+                code_ = err == TxnErrorCode::TXN_KEY_NOT_FOUND ? 
MetaServiceCode::TXN_ID_NOT_FOUND
+                                                               : 
cast_as<ErrCategory::READ>(err);
+                ss << "failed to get partiton version, txn_id=" << txn_id_
+                   << " key=" << hex(ver_key) << " err=" << err;
+                msg_ = ss.str();
+                LOG(WARNING) << msg_;
+                break;
+            }
+            VersionPB version_pb;
+            if (!version_pb.ParseFromString(ver_val)) {
+                code_ = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_PARSE_ERR;
+                ss << "failed to parse version pb txn_id=" << txn_id_ << " 
key=" << hex(ver_key);
+                msg_ = ss.str();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if (version_pb.has_txn_id() && version_pb.txn_id() == txn_id_) {
+                version_pb.clear_txn_id();
+                ver_val.clear();
+                if (!version_pb.SerializeToString(&ver_val)) {
+                    code_ = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_SERIALIZE_ERR;
+                    ss << "failed to serialize version_pb when saving, 
txn_id=" << txn_id_;
+                    msg_ = ss.str();
+                    return;
+                }
+                txn->put(ver_key, ver_val);
+            }
+
+            err = txn->commit();
+            if (err != TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {

Review Comment:
   Handle `TxnErrorCode::TXN_CONFLICT` too.



##########
cloud/src/meta-service/meta_service_txn.cpp:
##########
@@ -917,320 +1461,418 @@ void commit_txn_immediately(
             LOG(WARNING) << msg << " err=" << err << " txn_id=" << txn_id;
             return;
         }
-        if 
(!tablet_ids[tablet_id].ParseFromString(tablet_idx_values[i].value())) 
[[unlikely]] {
+        if 
(!(*tablet_ids)[tablet_id].ParseFromString(tablet_idx_values[i].value())) 
[[unlikely]] {
             code = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_PARSE_ERR;
             ss << "malformed tablet index value tablet_id=" << tablet_id << " 
txn_id=" << txn_id;
             msg = ss.str();
             LOG(WARNING) << msg;
             return;
         }
-        
table_id_tablet_ids[tablet_ids[tablet_id].table_id()].push_back(tablet_id);
+        
(*table_id_tablet_ids)[(*tablet_ids)[tablet_id].table_id()].push_back(tablet_id);
         VLOG_DEBUG << "tablet_id:" << tablet_id
-                   << " value:" << tablet_ids[tablet_id].ShortDebugString();
+                   << " value:" << (*tablet_ids)[tablet_id].ShortDebugString();
     }
 
     tablet_idx_keys.clear();
     tablet_idx_values.clear();
+}
 
-    // {table/partition} -> version
-    std::unordered_map<std::string, uint64_t> new_versions;
-    std::vector<std::string> version_keys;
-    for (auto& [_, i] : tmp_rowsets_meta) {
-        int64_t tablet_id = i.tablet_id();
-        int64_t table_id = tablet_ids[tablet_id].table_id();
-        int64_t partition_id = i.partition_id();
-        std::string ver_key = partition_version_key({instance_id, db_id, 
table_id, partition_id});
-        if (new_versions.count(ver_key) == 0) {
-            new_versions.insert({ver_key, 0});
-            version_keys.push_back(std::move(ver_key));
-        }
+void make_committed_txn_visible(const std::string& instance_id, int64_t db_id, 
int64_t txn_id,
+                                std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> txn_kv, 
MetaServiceCode& code,
+                                std::string& msg) {
+    // 1. visible txn info
+    // 2. remove running key and put recycle txn key
+
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    std::unique_ptr<Transaction> txn;
+    TxnErrorCode err = txn_kv->create_txn(&txn);
+    if (err != TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {
+        code = cast_as<ErrCategory::CREATE>(err);
+        ss << "failed to create txn, txn_id=" << txn_id << " err=" << err;
+        msg = ss.str();
+        LOG(WARNING) << msg;
+        return;
     }
-    std::vector<std::optional<std::string>> version_values;
-    err = txn->batch_get(&version_values, version_keys);
+
+    std::string info_val;
+    const std::string info_key = txn_info_key({instance_id, db_id, txn_id});
+    err = txn->get(info_key, &info_val);
     if (err != TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {
-        code = cast_as<ErrCategory::READ>(err);
-        ss << "failed to get partition versions, err=" << err;
+        code = err == TxnErrorCode::TXN_KEY_NOT_FOUND ? 
MetaServiceCode::TXN_ID_NOT_FOUND
+                                                      : 
cast_as<ErrCategory::READ>(err);
+        ss << "failed to get txn_info, db_id=" << db_id << " txn_id=" << 
txn_id << " err=" << err;
         msg = ss.str();
-        LOG(WARNING) << msg << " txn_id=" << txn_id;
+        LOG(WARNING) << msg;
         return;
     }
-    size_t total_versions = version_keys.size();
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < total_versions; i++) {
-        int64_t version;
-        if (version_values[i].has_value()) {
-            VersionPB version_pb;
-            if (!version_pb.ParseFromString(version_values[i].value())) {
-                code = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_PARSE_ERR;
-                ss << "failed to parse version pb txn_id=" << txn_id
-                   << " key=" << hex(version_keys[i]);
-                msg = ss.str();
-                return;
-            }
-            version = version_pb.version();
-        } else {
-            version = 1;
+
+    TxnInfoPB txn_info;
+    if (!txn_info.ParseFromString(info_val)) {
+        code = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_PARSE_ERR;
+        ss << "failed to parse txn_info, txn_id=" << txn_id;
+        msg = ss.str();
+        LOG(WARNING) << msg;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    VLOG_DEBUG << "txn_info:" << txn_info.ShortDebugString();
+    DCHECK((txn_info.status() == TxnStatusPB::TXN_STATUS_COMMITTED) ||
+           (txn_info.status() == TxnStatusPB::TXN_STATUS_VISIBLE));
+
+    if (txn_info.status() == TxnStatusPB::TXN_STATUS_COMMITTED) {
+        txn_info.set_status(TxnStatusPB::TXN_STATUS_VISIBLE);
+        txn->put(info_key, info_val);
+        LOG(INFO) << "xxx put info_key=" << hex(info_key) << " txn_id=" << 
txn_id;
+
+        const std::string running_key = txn_running_key({instance_id, db_id, 
txn_id});
+        LOG(INFO) << "xxx remove running_key=" << hex(running_key) << " 
txn_id=" << txn_id;
+        txn->remove(running_key);
+
+        std::string recycle_val;
+        std::string recycle_key = recycle_txn_key({instance_id, db_id, 
txn_id});
+        RecycleTxnPB recycle_pb;
+        auto now_time = system_clock::now();
+        uint64_t visible_time = 
duration_cast<milliseconds>(now_time.time_since_epoch()).count();
+        recycle_pb.set_creation_time(visible_time);
+        recycle_pb.set_label(txn_info.label());
+
+        if (!recycle_pb.SerializeToString(&recycle_val)) {
+            code = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_SERIALIZE_ERR;
+            ss << "failed to serialize recycle_pb, txn_id=" << txn_id;
+            msg = ss.str();
+            return;
         }
-        new_versions[version_keys[i]] = version + 1;
+        txn->put(recycle_key, recycle_val);
     }
-    version_keys.clear();
-    version_values.clear();
 
-    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> rowsets;
-    std::unordered_map<int64_t, TabletStats> tablet_stats; // tablet_id -> 
stats
-    rowsets.reserve(tmp_rowsets_meta.size());
-    for (auto& [_, i] : tmp_rowsets_meta) {
-        int64_t tablet_id = i.tablet_id();
-        int64_t table_id = tablet_ids[tablet_id].table_id();
-        int64_t partition_id = i.partition_id();
-        std::string ver_key = partition_version_key({instance_id, db_id, 
table_id, partition_id});
-        if (new_versions[ver_key] == 0) [[unlikely]] {
-            // it is impossible.
-            code = MetaServiceCode::UNDEFINED_ERR;
-            ss << "failed to get partition version key, the target version not 
exists in "
-                  "new_versions."
-               << " txn_id=" << txn_id;
+    err = txn->commit();

Review Comment:
   No need to commit if this TXN is in TXN_STATUS_VISIBLE



##########
cloud/src/meta-service/txn_lazy_committer.cpp:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+#include "txn_lazy_committer.h"
+
+#include "common/logging.h"
+#include "common/util.h"
+#include "meta-service/keys.h"
+#include "meta-service/meta_service_helper.h"
+
+namespace doris::cloud {
+
+void scan_tmp_rowset(
+        const std::string& instance_id, int64_t txn_id, std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> 
txn_kv,
+        MetaServiceCode& code, std::string& msg, int64_t* db_id,
+        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>>* 
tmp_rowsets_meta);
+
+void convert_tmp_rowsets(
+        const std::string& instance_id, int64_t txn_id, std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> 
txn_kv,
+        MetaServiceCode& code, std::string& msg, int64_t db_id,
+        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>>& 
tmp_rowsets_meta,
+        std::unordered_map<int64_t, TabletIndexPB>& tablet_ids);
+
+void make_committed_txn_visible(const std::string& instance_id, int64_t db_id, 
int64_t txn_id,
+                                std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> txn_kv, 
MetaServiceCode& code,
+                                std::string& msg);
+
+TxnLazyCommitTask::TxnLazyCommitTask(const std::string& instance_id, int64_t 
txn_id,
+                                     std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> txn_kv,
+                                     TxnLazyCommitter* txn_lazy_committer)
+        : instance_id_(instance_id),
+          txn_id_(txn_id),
+          txn_kv_(txn_kv),
+          txn_lazy_committer_(txn_lazy_committer) {
+    DCHECK(txn_id > 0);
+}
+
+void TxnLazyCommitTask::commit() {
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    do {
+        code_ = MetaServiceCode::OK;
+        msg_.clear();
+        int64_t db_id;
+        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>> 
tmp_rowset_metas;
+        scan_tmp_rowset(instance_id_, txn_id_, txn_kv_, code_, msg_, &db_id, 
&tmp_rowset_metas);
+        if (code_ != MetaServiceCode::OK) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "scan_tmp_rowset failed, txn_id=" << txn_id_ << " 
code=" << code_;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        VLOG_DEBUG << "txn_id=" << txn_id_
+                   << " tmp_rowset_metas.size()=" << tmp_rowset_metas.size();
+        if (tmp_rowset_metas.size() == 0) {
+            LOG(INFO) << "empty tmp_rowset_metas, txn_id=" << txn_id_;
+            break;

Review Comment:
   Even if the tmp_rowset_metas is empty, the TXN might still not be visible. 
Consider call `make_committed_txn_visible` here.



##########
cloud/src/meta-service/meta_service.cpp:
##########
@@ -387,10 +410,28 @@ void 
MetaServiceImpl::batch_get_version(::google::protobuf::RpcController* contr
                         msg = "malformed version value";
                         break;
                     }
+                    if (version_pb.has_txn_id()) {
+                        txn.reset();
+                        std::shared_ptr<TxnLazyCommitTask> task =
+                                txn_lazy_committer_->submit(instance_id, 
version_pb.txn_id());
+                        std::tie(code, msg) = task->wait();
+                        if (code != MetaServiceCode::OK) {
+                            LOG(WARNING) << "wait txn lazy commit failed, 
txn_id="
+                                         << version_pb.txn_id();
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        goto TRY_AGAIN;
+                    }
                     response->add_versions(version_pb.version());
                     
response->add_version_update_time_ms(version_pb.update_time_ms());
                 }
             }
+            if (code != MetaServiceCode::OK) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (code != MetaServiceCode::OK) {
+            break;

Review Comment:
   Delete the useless code



##########
cloud/src/recycler/recycler_service.cpp:
##########
@@ -42,8 +42,12 @@ extern int reset_s3_rate_limiter(S3RateLimitType type, 
size_t max_speed, size_t
 extern std::tuple<int, std::string_view> 
convert_ms_code_to_http_code(MetaServiceCode ret);
 
 RecyclerServiceImpl::RecyclerServiceImpl(std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> txn_kv, 
Recycler* recycler,
-                                         Checker* checker)
-        : txn_kv_(std::move(txn_kv)), recycler_(recycler), checker_(checker) {}
+                                         Checker* checker,
+                                         std::shared_ptr<TxnLazyCommitter> 
txn_lazy_committer)
+        : txn_kv_(std::move(txn_kv)),
+          recycler_(recycler),
+          checker_(checker),
+          txn_lazy_committer_(txn_lazy_committer) {}

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
             txn_lazy_committer_(std::move(txn_lazy_committer)) {}
   ```



##########
cloud/src/meta-service/meta_service_txn.cpp:
##########
@@ -917,320 +1461,418 @@ void commit_txn_immediately(
             LOG(WARNING) << msg << " err=" << err << " txn_id=" << txn_id;
             return;
         }
-        if 
(!tablet_ids[tablet_id].ParseFromString(tablet_idx_values[i].value())) 
[[unlikely]] {
+        if 
(!(*tablet_ids)[tablet_id].ParseFromString(tablet_idx_values[i].value())) 
[[unlikely]] {
             code = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_PARSE_ERR;
             ss << "malformed tablet index value tablet_id=" << tablet_id << " 
txn_id=" << txn_id;
             msg = ss.str();
             LOG(WARNING) << msg;
             return;
         }
-        
table_id_tablet_ids[tablet_ids[tablet_id].table_id()].push_back(tablet_id);
+        
(*table_id_tablet_ids)[(*tablet_ids)[tablet_id].table_id()].push_back(tablet_id);
         VLOG_DEBUG << "tablet_id:" << tablet_id
-                   << " value:" << tablet_ids[tablet_id].ShortDebugString();
+                   << " value:" << (*tablet_ids)[tablet_id].ShortDebugString();
     }
 
     tablet_idx_keys.clear();
     tablet_idx_values.clear();
+}
 
-    // {table/partition} -> version
-    std::unordered_map<std::string, uint64_t> new_versions;
-    std::vector<std::string> version_keys;
-    for (auto& [_, i] : tmp_rowsets_meta) {
-        int64_t tablet_id = i.tablet_id();
-        int64_t table_id = tablet_ids[tablet_id].table_id();
-        int64_t partition_id = i.partition_id();
-        std::string ver_key = partition_version_key({instance_id, db_id, 
table_id, partition_id});
-        if (new_versions.count(ver_key) == 0) {
-            new_versions.insert({ver_key, 0});
-            version_keys.push_back(std::move(ver_key));
-        }
+void make_committed_txn_visible(const std::string& instance_id, int64_t db_id, 
int64_t txn_id,
+                                std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> txn_kv, 
MetaServiceCode& code,
+                                std::string& msg) {
+    // 1. visible txn info
+    // 2. remove running key and put recycle txn key
+
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    std::unique_ptr<Transaction> txn;
+    TxnErrorCode err = txn_kv->create_txn(&txn);
+    if (err != TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {
+        code = cast_as<ErrCategory::CREATE>(err);
+        ss << "failed to create txn, txn_id=" << txn_id << " err=" << err;
+        msg = ss.str();
+        LOG(WARNING) << msg;
+        return;
     }
-    std::vector<std::optional<std::string>> version_values;
-    err = txn->batch_get(&version_values, version_keys);
+
+    std::string info_val;
+    const std::string info_key = txn_info_key({instance_id, db_id, txn_id});
+    err = txn->get(info_key, &info_val);
     if (err != TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {
-        code = cast_as<ErrCategory::READ>(err);
-        ss << "failed to get partition versions, err=" << err;
+        code = err == TxnErrorCode::TXN_KEY_NOT_FOUND ? 
MetaServiceCode::TXN_ID_NOT_FOUND
+                                                      : 
cast_as<ErrCategory::READ>(err);
+        ss << "failed to get txn_info, db_id=" << db_id << " txn_id=" << 
txn_id << " err=" << err;
         msg = ss.str();
-        LOG(WARNING) << msg << " txn_id=" << txn_id;
+        LOG(WARNING) << msg;
         return;
     }
-    size_t total_versions = version_keys.size();
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < total_versions; i++) {
-        int64_t version;
-        if (version_values[i].has_value()) {
-            VersionPB version_pb;
-            if (!version_pb.ParseFromString(version_values[i].value())) {
-                code = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_PARSE_ERR;
-                ss << "failed to parse version pb txn_id=" << txn_id
-                   << " key=" << hex(version_keys[i]);
-                msg = ss.str();
-                return;
-            }
-            version = version_pb.version();
-        } else {
-            version = 1;
+
+    TxnInfoPB txn_info;
+    if (!txn_info.ParseFromString(info_val)) {
+        code = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_PARSE_ERR;
+        ss << "failed to parse txn_info, txn_id=" << txn_id;
+        msg = ss.str();
+        LOG(WARNING) << msg;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    VLOG_DEBUG << "txn_info:" << txn_info.ShortDebugString();
+    DCHECK((txn_info.status() == TxnStatusPB::TXN_STATUS_COMMITTED) ||
+           (txn_info.status() == TxnStatusPB::TXN_STATUS_VISIBLE));
+
+    if (txn_info.status() == TxnStatusPB::TXN_STATUS_COMMITTED) {
+        txn_info.set_status(TxnStatusPB::TXN_STATUS_VISIBLE);
+        txn->put(info_key, info_val);
+        LOG(INFO) << "xxx put info_key=" << hex(info_key) << " txn_id=" << 
txn_id;
+
+        const std::string running_key = txn_running_key({instance_id, db_id, 
txn_id});
+        LOG(INFO) << "xxx remove running_key=" << hex(running_key) << " 
txn_id=" << txn_id;
+        txn->remove(running_key);
+
+        std::string recycle_val;
+        std::string recycle_key = recycle_txn_key({instance_id, db_id, 
txn_id});
+        RecycleTxnPB recycle_pb;
+        auto now_time = system_clock::now();
+        uint64_t visible_time = 
duration_cast<milliseconds>(now_time.time_since_epoch()).count();
+        recycle_pb.set_creation_time(visible_time);
+        recycle_pb.set_label(txn_info.label());
+
+        if (!recycle_pb.SerializeToString(&recycle_val)) {
+            code = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_SERIALIZE_ERR;
+            ss << "failed to serialize recycle_pb, txn_id=" << txn_id;
+            msg = ss.str();
+            return;
         }
-        new_versions[version_keys[i]] = version + 1;
+        txn->put(recycle_key, recycle_val);
     }
-    version_keys.clear();
-    version_values.clear();
 
-    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> rowsets;
-    std::unordered_map<int64_t, TabletStats> tablet_stats; // tablet_id -> 
stats
-    rowsets.reserve(tmp_rowsets_meta.size());
-    for (auto& [_, i] : tmp_rowsets_meta) {
-        int64_t tablet_id = i.tablet_id();
-        int64_t table_id = tablet_ids[tablet_id].table_id();
-        int64_t partition_id = i.partition_id();
-        std::string ver_key = partition_version_key({instance_id, db_id, 
table_id, partition_id});
-        if (new_versions[ver_key] == 0) [[unlikely]] {
-            // it is impossible.
-            code = MetaServiceCode::UNDEFINED_ERR;
-            ss << "failed to get partition version key, the target version not 
exists in "
-                  "new_versions."
-               << " txn_id=" << txn_id;
+    err = txn->commit();
+    if (err != TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {
+        code = cast_as<ErrCategory::COMMIT>(err);
+        ss << "failed to commit kv txn, txn_id=" << txn_id << " err=" << err;
+        msg = ss.str();
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+void commit_txn_eventually(
+        const CommitTxnRequest* request, CommitTxnResponse* response,
+        std::shared_ptr<TxnKv>& txn_kv, std::shared_ptr<TxnLazyCommitter>& 
txn_lazy_committer,
+        MetaServiceCode& code, std::string& msg, const std::string& 
instance_id, int64_t db_id,
+        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>>& 
tmp_rowsets_meta) {
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    TxnErrorCode err = TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK;
+    int64_t txn_id = request->txn_id();
+    bool need_advance_last_txn = false;
+    int64_t last_pending_txn_id = 0;
+
+    do {
+        std::unique_ptr<Transaction> txn;
+        err = txn_kv->create_txn(&txn);
+        if (err != TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {
+            code = cast_as<ErrCategory::CREATE>(err);
+            ss << "filed to create txn, txn_id=" << txn_id << " err=" << err;
             msg = ss.str();
-            LOG(ERROR) << msg;
+            LOG(WARNING) << msg;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // tablet_id -> {table/index/partition}_id
+        std::unordered_map<int64_t, TabletIndexPB> tablet_ids;
+        // table_id -> tablets_ids
+        std::unordered_map<int64_t, std::vector<int64_t>> table_id_tablet_ids;
+        get_tablet_indexes(instance_id, txn_id, tmp_rowsets_meta, txn, code, 
msg, &tablet_ids,

Review Comment:
   It seems that there is no need to read the tablet index again during retry. 
   
   Merge the PR first and then optimize this issue later.



##########
cloud/src/meta-service/txn_lazy_committer.cpp:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+#include "txn_lazy_committer.h"
+
+#include "common/logging.h"
+#include "common/util.h"
+#include "meta-service/keys.h"
+#include "meta-service/meta_service_helper.h"
+
+namespace doris::cloud {
+
+void scan_tmp_rowset(
+        const std::string& instance_id, int64_t txn_id, std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> 
txn_kv,
+        MetaServiceCode& code, std::string& msg, int64_t* db_id,
+        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>>* 
tmp_rowsets_meta);
+
+void convert_tmp_rowsets(
+        const std::string& instance_id, int64_t txn_id, std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> 
txn_kv,
+        MetaServiceCode& code, std::string& msg, int64_t db_id,
+        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>>& 
tmp_rowsets_meta,
+        std::unordered_map<int64_t, TabletIndexPB>& tablet_ids);
+
+void make_committed_txn_visible(const std::string& instance_id, int64_t db_id, 
int64_t txn_id,
+                                std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> txn_kv, 
MetaServiceCode& code,
+                                std::string& msg);
+
+TxnLazyCommitTask::TxnLazyCommitTask(const std::string& instance_id, int64_t 
txn_id,
+                                     std::shared_ptr<TxnKv> txn_kv,
+                                     TxnLazyCommitter* txn_lazy_committer)
+        : instance_id_(instance_id),
+          txn_id_(txn_id),
+          txn_kv_(txn_kv),
+          txn_lazy_committer_(txn_lazy_committer) {
+    DCHECK(txn_id > 0);
+}
+
+void TxnLazyCommitTask::commit() {
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    do {
+        code_ = MetaServiceCode::OK;
+        msg_.clear();
+        int64_t db_id;
+        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>> 
tmp_rowset_metas;
+        scan_tmp_rowset(instance_id_, txn_id_, txn_kv_, code_, msg_, &db_id, 
&tmp_rowset_metas);
+        if (code_ != MetaServiceCode::OK) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << "scan_tmp_rowset failed, txn_id=" << txn_id_ << " 
code=" << code_;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        VLOG_DEBUG << "txn_id=" << txn_id_
+                   << " tmp_rowset_metas.size()=" << tmp_rowset_metas.size();
+        if (tmp_rowset_metas.size() == 0) {
+            LOG(INFO) << "empty tmp_rowset_metas, txn_id=" << txn_id_;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        // <partition_id, tmp_rowsets>
+        std::unordered_map<int64_t, std::vector<std::pair<std::string, 
doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>>>
+                partition_to_tmp_rowset_metas;
+        for (auto& [tmp_rowset_key, tmp_rowset_pb] : tmp_rowset_metas) {
+            
partition_to_tmp_rowset_metas[tmp_rowset_pb.partition_id()].emplace_back();
+            
partition_to_tmp_rowset_metas[tmp_rowset_pb.partition_id()].back().first =
+                    tmp_rowset_key;
+            
partition_to_tmp_rowset_metas[tmp_rowset_pb.partition_id()].back().second =
+                    tmp_rowset_pb;
+        }
+
+        // tablet_id -> TabletIndexPB
+        std::unordered_map<int64_t, TabletIndexPB> tablet_ids;
+        for (auto& [partition_id, tmp_rowset_metas] : 
partition_to_tmp_rowset_metas) {
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < tmp_rowset_metas.size();
+                 i += config::txn_lazy_max_rowsets_per_batch) {
+                size_t end = (i + config::txn_lazy_max_rowsets_per_batch) > 
tmp_rowset_metas.size()
+                                     ? tmp_rowset_metas.size()
+                                     : i + 
config::txn_lazy_max_rowsets_per_batch;
+                std::vector<std::pair<std::string, doris::RowsetMetaCloudPB>>
+                        
sub_partition_tmp_rowset_metas(tmp_rowset_metas.begin() + i,
+                                                       
tmp_rowset_metas.begin() + end);
+                convert_tmp_rowsets(instance_id_, txn_id_, txn_kv_, code_, 
msg_, db_id,
+                                    sub_partition_tmp_rowset_metas, 
tablet_ids);
+                if (code_ != MetaServiceCode::OK) break;
+            }
+            if (code_ != MetaServiceCode::OK) break;
+
+            DCHECK(tmp_rowset_metas.size() > 0);
+            std::unique_ptr<Transaction> txn;
+            TxnErrorCode err = txn_kv_->create_txn(&txn);
+            if (err != TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK) {
+                code_ = cast_as<ErrCategory::CREATE>(err);
+                ss << "failed to create txn, txn_id=" << txn_id_ << " err=" << 
err;
+                msg_ = ss.str();
+                LOG(WARNING) << msg_;
+                break;
+            }
+
+            int64_t table_id = -1;
+            for (auto& [tmp_rowset_key, tmp_rowset_pb] : tmp_rowset_metas) {
+                if (table_id <= 0) {
+                    table_id = 
tablet_ids[tmp_rowset_pb.tablet_id()].table_id();
+                }
+                txn->remove(tmp_rowset_key);
+            }
+
+            DCHECK(table_id > 0);
+            DCHECK(partition_id > 0);
+
+            std::string ver_val;
+            std::string ver_key =
+                    partition_version_key({instance_id_, db_id, table_id, 
partition_id});
+            err = txn->get(ver_key, &ver_val);
+            if (TxnErrorCode::TXN_OK != err) {
+                code_ = err == TxnErrorCode::TXN_KEY_NOT_FOUND ? 
MetaServiceCode::TXN_ID_NOT_FOUND
+                                                               : 
cast_as<ErrCategory::READ>(err);
+                ss << "failed to get partiton version, txn_id=" << txn_id_
+                   << " key=" << hex(ver_key) << " err=" << err;
+                msg_ = ss.str();
+                LOG(WARNING) << msg_;
+                break;
+            }
+            VersionPB version_pb;
+            if (!version_pb.ParseFromString(ver_val)) {
+                code_ = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_PARSE_ERR;
+                ss << "failed to parse version pb txn_id=" << txn_id_ << " 
key=" << hex(ver_key);
+                msg_ = ss.str();
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if (version_pb.has_txn_id() && version_pb.txn_id() == txn_id_) {
+                version_pb.clear_txn_id();
+                ver_val.clear();
+                if (!version_pb.SerializeToString(&ver_val)) {
+                    code_ = MetaServiceCode::PROTOBUF_SERIALIZE_ERR;
+                    ss << "failed to serialize version_pb when saving, 
txn_id=" << txn_id_;
+                    msg_ = ss.str();
+                    return;
+                }
+                txn->put(ver_key, ver_val);
+            }
+
+            err = txn->commit();

Review Comment:
   No need to commit if `version_pb.has_txn_id() && version_pb.txn_id() == 
txn_id_` is false.



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