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     new 087c2eb41 Use HTTPS in URL
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commit 087c2eb4101da28f39e1c9318de147e44edca82b
Author: Gary Gregory <[email protected]>
AuthorDate: Sun Nov 2 10:36:24 2025 -0500

    Use HTTPS in URL
---
 .../commons/math4/core/jdkmath/AccurateMath.java   |  4 ++--
 .../apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/Field.java    |  2 +-
 .../commons/math4/legacy/core/FieldElement.java    |  2 +-
 .../commons/math4/legacy/core/MathArrays.java      |  2 +-
 .../math4/legacy/core/RealFieldElement.java        |  4 ++--
 .../analysis/differentiation/DSCompiler.java       |  2 +-
 .../differentiation/DerivativeStructure.java       |  2 +-
 .../math4/legacy/analysis/function/Gaussian.java   |  2 +-
 .../analysis/function/HarmonicOscillator.java      |  2 +-
 .../math4/legacy/analysis/function/Logistic.java   |  2 +-
 .../math4/legacy/analysis/function/Logit.java      |  2 +-
 .../math4/legacy/analysis/function/Sigmoid.java    |  2 +-
 .../math4/legacy/analysis/function/Sinc.java       |  2 +-
 .../legacy/analysis/function/StepFunction.java     |  2 +-
 .../IterativeLegendreGaussIntegrator.java          |  4 ++--
 .../analysis/integration/RombergIntegrator.java    |  2 +-
 .../analysis/integration/SimpsonIntegrator.java    |  2 +-
 .../analysis/integration/TrapezoidIntegrator.java  |  2 +-
 .../integration/gauss/HermiteRuleFactory.java      |  4 ++--
 .../integration/gauss/LaguerreRuleFactory.java     |  2 +-
 .../gauss/LegendreHighPrecisionRuleFactory.java    |  2 +-
 .../integration/gauss/LegendreRuleFactory.java     |  2 +-
 .../BicubicInterpolatingFunction.java              |  2 +-
 .../analysis/interpolation/LoessInterpolator.java  |  6 ++---
 .../MicrosphereProjectionInterpolator.java         |  2 +-
 .../interpolation/NevilleInterpolator.java         |  2 +-
 ...iecewiseBicubicSplineInterpolatingFunction.java |  2 +-
 .../TricubicInterpolatingFunction.java             |  2 +-
 .../analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.java   |  2 +-
 .../PolynomialFunctionLagrangeForm.java            |  6 ++---
 .../polynomials/PolynomialFunctionNewtonForm.java  |  2 +-
 .../analysis/polynomials/PolynomialsUtils.java     |  8 +++----
 .../legacy/analysis/solvers/BisectionSolver.java   |  2 +-
 .../solvers/BracketingNthOrderBrentSolver.java     |  2 +-
 .../math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BrentSolver.java |  2 +-
 .../FieldBracketingNthOrderBrentSolver.java        |  2 +-
 .../legacy/analysis/solvers/LaguerreSolver.java    |  2 +-
 .../legacy/analysis/solvers/MullerSolver.java      |  2 +-
 .../legacy/analysis/solvers/MullerSolver2.java     |  2 +-
 .../analysis/solvers/NewtonRaphsonSolver.java      |  2 +-
 .../legacy/analysis/solvers/RiddersSolver.java     |  2 +-
 .../distribution/AbstractRealDistribution.java     |  2 +-
 .../legacy/distribution/EmpiricalDistribution.java |  4 ++--
 .../distribution/EnumeratedDistribution.java       |  2 +-
 .../MixtureMultivariateRealDistribution.java       |  2 +-
 .../MultivariateNormalDistribution.java            |  4 ++--
 ...ariateNormalMixtureExpectationMaximization.java |  2 +-
 .../legacy/field/linalg/FieldLUDecomposition.java  |  4 ++--
 .../commons/math4/legacy/filter/KalmanFilter.java  |  6 ++---
 .../leastsquares/LevenbergMarquardtOptimizer.java  |  8 +++----
 .../math4/legacy/genetics/CycleCrossover.java      |  2 +-
 .../math4/legacy/genetics/OrderedCrossover.java    |  2 +-
 .../math4/legacy/genetics/UniformCrossover.java    |  6 ++---
 .../math4/legacy/linear/CholeskyDecomposition.java |  6 ++---
 .../math4/legacy/linear/ConjugateGradient.java     |  4 ++--
 .../math4/legacy/linear/DecompositionSolver.java   |  2 +-
 .../math4/legacy/linear/EigenDecomposition.java    |  6 ++---
 .../math4/legacy/linear/FieldLUDecomposition.java  |  6 ++---
 .../commons/math4/legacy/linear/FieldMatrix.java   |  2 +-
 .../math4/legacy/linear/HessenbergTransformer.java |  6 ++---
 .../legacy/linear/IterativeLinearSolverEvent.java  |  2 +-
 .../math4/legacy/linear/LUDecomposition.java       |  6 ++---
 .../math4/legacy/linear/QRDecomposition.java       |  6 ++---
 .../math4/legacy/linear/RRQRDecomposition.java     |  6 ++---
 .../commons/math4/legacy/linear/RealMatrix.java    |  6 ++---
 .../linear/RectangularCholeskyDecomposition.java   |  6 ++---
 .../math4/legacy/linear/SchurTransformer.java      |  8 +++----
 .../legacy/linear/SingularValueDecomposition.java  |  6 ++---
 .../apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SymmLQ.java |  4 ++--
 .../legacy/ml/clustering/DBSCANClusterer.java      |  4 ++--
 .../ml/clustering/KMeansPlusPlusClusterer.java     |  2 +-
 .../legacy/ml/distance/EarthMoversDistance.java    |  2 +-
 .../ode/nonstiff/GraggBulirschStoerIntegrator.java |  4 ++--
 .../GraggBulirschStoerStepInterpolator.java        |  4 ++--
 .../legacy/ode/nonstiff/LutherFieldIntegrator.java |  2 +-
 .../legacy/ode/nonstiff/LutherIntegrator.java      |  2 +-
 .../optim/BaseMultiStartMultivariateOptimizer.java |  2 +-
 .../nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/BOBYQAOptimizer.java  |  4 ++--
 .../nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/CMAESOptimizer.java   |  8 +++----
 .../nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/SimplexOptimizer.java |  2 +-
 .../legacy/random/CorrelatedVectorFactory.java     |  2 +-
 .../legacy/random/HaltonSequenceGenerator.java     |  4 ++--
 .../legacy/random/SobolSequenceGenerator.java      |  8 +++----
 .../commons/math4/legacy/special/BesselJ.java      |  8 +++----
 .../commons/math4/legacy/stat/StatUtils.java       |  4 ++--
 .../stat/correlation/KendallsCorrelation.java      |  4 ++--
 .../correlation/StorelessBivariateCovariance.java  |  2 +-
 .../stat/correlation/StorelessCovariance.java      |  2 +-
 .../stat/descriptive/DescriptiveStatistics.java    |  8 +++----
 .../stat/descriptive/StatisticalSummary.java       |  2 +-
 .../stat/descriptive/rank/PSquarePercentile.java   |  6 ++---
 .../stat/regression/MultipleLinearRegression.java  |  2 +-
 .../legacy/stat/regression/RegressionResults.java  | 12 +++++-----
 .../legacy/stat/regression/SimpleRegression.java   | 26 +++++++++++-----------
 .../AbstractLeastSquaresOptimizerAbstractTest.java |  6 ++---
 .../GaussNewtonOptimizerWithCholeskyTest.java      |  6 ++---
 .../GaussNewtonOptimizerWithLUTest.java            |  6 ++---
 .../GaussNewtonOptimizerWithQRTest.java            |  6 ++---
 .../GaussNewtonOptimizerWithSVDTest.java           |  6 ++---
 .../LevenbergMarquardtOptimizerTest.java           |  6 ++---
 .../legacy/fitting/leastsquares/MinpackTest.java   |  6 ++---
 .../leastsquares/StatisticalReferenceDataset.java  |  2 +-
 .../NonLinearConjugateGradientOptimizerTest.java   |  6 ++---
 .../commons/math4/legacy/special/BesselJTest.java  |  2 +-
 .../math4/neuralnet/SquareNeighbourhood.java       |  4 ++--
 .../math4/neuralnet/sofm/KohonenUpdateAction.java  |  2 +-
 .../math4/neuralnet/twod/NeuronSquareMesh2D.java   |  2 +-
 .../neuralnet/twod/util/UnifiedDistanceMatrix.java |  2 +-
 .../math4/transform/FastHadamardTransform.java     |  4 ++--
 109 files changed, 211 insertions(+), 211 deletions(-)

diff --git 
a/commons-math-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/core/jdkmath/AccurateMath.java
 
b/commons-math-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/core/jdkmath/AccurateMath.java
index 67c0726e7..f7c6ab773 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/core/jdkmath/AccurateMath.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/core/jdkmath/AccurateMath.java
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.numbers.core.Precision;
  * are accurate to about 0.5 ulp throughout the domain range. This statement,
  * of course is only a rough global observed behavior, it is <em>not</em> a
  * guarantee for <em>every</em> double numbers input (see William Kahan's
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rounding#The_table-maker.27s_dilemma";>
+ * <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rounding#The_table-maker.27s_dilemma";>
  * Table Maker's Dilemma</a>).
  * </p>
  * <p>
@@ -1413,7 +1413,7 @@ public final class AccurateMath {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Computes the <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Logarithm.html";>
+     * Computes the <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Logarithm.html";>
      * logarithm</a> in a given base.
      *
      * Returns {@code NaN} if either argument is negative.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/Field.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/Field.java
index 67692cdee..96835dd8a 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/Field.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/Field.java
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 package org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core;
 
 /**
- * Interface representing a <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Field.html";>field</a>.
+ * Interface representing a <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Field.html";>field</a>.
  * <p>
  * Classes implementing this interface will often be singletons.
  * </p>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/FieldElement.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/FieldElement.java
index a0de70c66..747cd3665 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/FieldElement.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/FieldElement.java
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.NullArgumentException;
 
 
 /**
- * Interface representing <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Field.html";>field</a> elements.
+ * Interface representing <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Field.html";>field</a> elements.
  * @param <T> the type of the field elements
  * @see Field
  * @since 2.0
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/MathArrays.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/MathArrays.java
index bb1241c41..7d69aa739 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/MathArrays.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/MathArrays.java
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ public final class MathArrays {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Calculates the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolution";>
+     * Calculates the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolution";>
      * convolution</a> between two sequences.
      * <p>
      * The solution is obtained via straightforward computation of the
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/RealFieldElement.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/RealFieldElement.java
index 4383ea57c..854489568 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/RealFieldElement.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy-core/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/core/RealFieldElement.java
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ package org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.DimensionMismatchException;
 
 /**
- * Interface representing a <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/RealNumber.html";>real</a>
- * <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Field.html";>field</a>.
+ * Interface representing a <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/RealNumber.html";>real</a>
+ * <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Field.html";>field</a>.
  * @param <T> the type of the field elements
  * @see FieldElement
  * @since 3.2
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/differentiation/DSCompiler.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/differentiation/DSCompiler.java
index de9ab7690..fe26e9bd6 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/differentiation/DSCompiler.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/differentiation/DSCompiler.java
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /** Class holding "compiled" computation rules for derivative structures.
  * <p>This class implements the computation rules described in Dan Kalman's 
paper <a
- * 
href="http://www1.american.edu/cas/mathstat/People/kalman/pdffiles/mmgautodiff.pdf";>Doubly
+ * 
href="https://www1.american.edu/cas/mathstat/People/kalman/pdffiles/mmgautodiff.pdf";>Doubly
  * Recursive Multivariate Automatic Differentiation</a>, Mathematics Magazine, 
vol. 75,
  * no. 3, June 2002. However, in order to avoid performances bottlenecks, the 
recursive
  * rules are "compiled" once in an unfold form. This class does this recursion 
unrolling
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/differentiation/DerivativeStructure.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/differentiation/DerivativeStructure.java
index 7f5493950..a6033ee49 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/differentiation/DerivativeStructure.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/differentiation/DerivativeStructure.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.MathArrays;
  * <p>This class is the workhorse of the differentiation package.</p>
  * <p>This class is an implementation of the extension to Rall's
  * numbers described in Dan Kalman's paper <a
- * 
href="http://www1.american.edu/cas/mathstat/People/kalman/pdffiles/mmgautodiff.pdf";>Doubly
+ * 
href="https://www1.american.edu/cas/mathstat/People/kalman/pdffiles/mmgautodiff.pdf";>Doubly
  * Recursive Multivariate Automatic Differentiation</a>, Mathematics Magazine, 
vol. 75,
  * no. 3, June 2002. Rall's numbers are an extension to the real numbers used
  * throughout mathematical expressions; they hold the derivative together with 
the
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Gaussian.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Gaussian.java
index 648bf493b..d0f4faccf 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Gaussian.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Gaussian.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 import org.apache.commons.numbers.core.Precision;
 
 /**
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_function";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_function";>
  *  Gaussian</a> function.
  *
  * @since 3.0
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/HarmonicOscillator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/HarmonicOscillator.java
index 11d7a970d..40594360c 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/HarmonicOscillator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/HarmonicOscillator.java
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.NullArgumentException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_oscillator";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_oscillator";>
  *  simple harmonic oscillator</a> function.
  *
  * @since 3.0
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Logistic.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Logistic.java
index a0438581c..310467469 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Logistic.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Logistic.java
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.NullArgumentException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalised_logistic_function";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalised_logistic_function";>
  *  Generalised logistic</a> function.
  *
  * @since 3.0
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Logit.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Logit.java
index 2f76a5eb5..528f7ecd9 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Logit.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Logit.java
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.OutOfRangeException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logit";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logit";>
  *  Logit</a> function.
  * It is the inverse of the {@link Sigmoid sigmoid} function.
  *
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Sigmoid.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Sigmoid.java
index e007dc4e2..c246a8744 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Sigmoid.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Sigmoid.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.NullArgumentException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigmoid_function";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigmoid_function";>
  *  Sigmoid</a> function.
  * It is the inverse of the {@link Logit logit} function.
  * A more flexible version, the generalised logistic, is implemented
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Sinc.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Sinc.java
index 4179436aa..eeadc1f2c 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Sinc.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/Sinc.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.DimensionMismatchException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinc_function";>Sinc</a> function,
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinc_function";>Sinc</a> function,
  * defined by
  * <pre><code>
  *   sinc(x) = 1            if x = 0,
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/StepFunction.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/StepFunction.java
index d4fb09f6b..86662c3d6 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/StepFunction.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/function/StepFunction.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.NullArgumentException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.MathArrays;
 
 /**
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Step_function";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Step_function";>
  *  Step function</a>.
  *
  * @since 3.0
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/IterativeLegendreGaussIntegrator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/IterativeLegendreGaussIntegrator.java
index 51ee8acd9..889ddc320 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/IterativeLegendreGaussIntegrator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/IterativeLegendreGaussIntegrator.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 /**
  * This algorithm divides the integration interval into equally-sized
  * sub-interval and on each of them performs a
- * <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Legendre-GaussQuadrature.html";>
+ * <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Legendre-GaussQuadrature.html";>
  * Legendre-Gauss</a> quadrature.
  * Because of its <em>non-adaptive</em> nature, this algorithm can
  * converge to a wrong value for the integral (for example, if the
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * integration interval).
  * In particular, a change of variables aimed at estimating integrals
  * over infinite intervals as proposed
- * <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Numerical_integration#Integrals_over_infinite_intervals";>
+ * <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Numerical_integration#Integrals_over_infinite_intervals";>
  *  here</a> should be avoided when using this class.
  *
  * @since 3.1
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/RombergIntegrator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/RombergIntegrator.java
index 73fa19f36..7051a3914 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/RombergIntegrator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/RombergIntegrator.java
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.NumberIsTooLargeException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * Implements the <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/RombergIntegration.html";>
+ * Implements the <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/RombergIntegration.html";>
  * Romberg Algorithm</a> for integration of real univariate functions. For
  * reference, see <b>Introduction to Numerical Analysis</b>, ISBN 038795452X,
  * chapter 3.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/SimpsonIntegrator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/SimpsonIntegrator.java
index df1fe7273..a07408766 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/SimpsonIntegrator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/SimpsonIntegrator.java
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.NumberIsTooLargeException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * Implements <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/SimpsonsRule.html";>
+ * Implements <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/SimpsonsRule.html";>
  * Simpson's Rule</a> for integration of real univariate functions.
  *
  * See <b>Introduction to Numerical Analysis</b>, ISBN 038795452X, chapter 3.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/TrapezoidIntegrator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/TrapezoidIntegrator.java
index 5a8a263b4..abb1d5eb6 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/TrapezoidIntegrator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/TrapezoidIntegrator.java
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.NumberIsTooLargeException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * Implements the <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/TrapezoidalRule.html";>
+ * Implements the <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/TrapezoidalRule.html";>
  * Trapezoid Rule</a> for integration of real univariate functions.
  *
  * See <b>Introduction to Numerical Analysis</b>, ISBN 038795452X, chapter 3.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/HermiteRuleFactory.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/HermiteRuleFactory.java
index a5a9491fe..8d3f4904b 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/HermiteRuleFactory.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/HermiteRuleFactory.java
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.Pair;
 
 /**
  * Factory that creates a
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss-Hermite_quadrature";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss-Hermite_quadrature";>
  * Gauss-type quadrature rule using Hermite polynomials</a>
  * of the first kind.
  * Such a quadrature rule allows the calculation of improper integrals
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.Pair;
  *  \(f(x) e^{-x^2}\)
  * </p><p>
  * Recurrence relation and weights computation follow
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abramowitz_and_Stegun";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abramowitz_and_Stegun";>
  * Abramowitz and Stegun, 1964</a>.
  * </p><p>
  * The coefficients of the standard Hermite polynomials grow very rapidly.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/LaguerreRuleFactory.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/LaguerreRuleFactory.java
index 28f0a1f32..823af29be 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/LaguerreRuleFactory.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/LaguerreRuleFactory.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.Pair;
 /**
  * Factory that creates Gauss-type quadrature rule using Laguerre polynomials.
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%E2%80%93Laguerre_quadrature";>Gauss-Laguerre
 quadrature (Wikipedia)</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%E2%80%93Laguerre_quadrature";>Gauss-Laguerre
 quadrature (Wikipedia)</a>
  * @since 4.0
  */
 public class LaguerreRuleFactory extends BaseRuleFactory<Double> {
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/LegendreHighPrecisionRuleFactory.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/LegendreHighPrecisionRuleFactory.java
index dc636b372..f7b88413f 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/LegendreHighPrecisionRuleFactory.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/LegendreHighPrecisionRuleFactory.java
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.Pair;
  * In this implementation, the lower and upper bounds of the natural interval
  * of integration are -1 and 1, respectively.
  * The Legendre polynomials are evaluated using the recurrence relation
- * presented in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abramowitz_and_Stegun";>
+ * presented in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abramowitz_and_Stegun";>
  * Abramowitz and Stegun, 1964</a>.
  *
  * @since 3.1
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/LegendreRuleFactory.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/LegendreRuleFactory.java
index 347303e40..10595eb2e 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/LegendreRuleFactory.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/integration/gauss/LegendreRuleFactory.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.Pair;
  * In this implementation, the lower and upper bounds of the natural interval
  * of integration are -1 and 1, respectively.
  * The Legendre polynomials are evaluated using the recurrence relation
- * presented in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abramowitz_and_Stegun";>
+ * presented in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abramowitz_and_Stegun";>
  * Abramowitz and Stegun, 1964</a>.
  *
  * @since 3.1
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/BicubicInterpolatingFunction.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/BicubicInterpolatingFunction.java
index 84f39f4ed..840f3e843 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/BicubicInterpolatingFunction.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/BicubicInterpolatingFunction.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.MathArrays;
 
 /**
  * Function that implements the
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicubic_interpolation";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicubic_interpolation";>
  * bicubic spline interpolation</a>.
  *
  * @since 3.4
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/LoessInterpolator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/LoessInterpolator.java
index b5336651a..ecceb4aba 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/LoessInterpolator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/LoessInterpolator.java
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.MathArrays;
 
 /**
- * Implements the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_regression";>
+ * Implements the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_regression";>
  * Local Regression Algorithm</a> (also Loess, Lowess) for interpolation of
  * real univariate functions.
  * <p>
  * For reference, see
- * <a 
href="http://amstat.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01621459.1979.10481038";>
+ * <a 
href="https://amstat.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01621459.1979.10481038";>
  * William S. Cleveland - Robust Locally Weighted Regression and Smoothing
  * Scatterplots</a></p>
  * <p>
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ public class LoessInterpolator
 
     /**
      * Compute the
-     * <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_regression#Weight_function";>tricube</a>
+     * <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_regression#Weight_function";>tricube</a>
      * weight function.
      *
      * @param x Argument.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/MicrosphereProjectionInterpolator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/MicrosphereProjectionInterpolator.java
index 85017963e..180bb6e08 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/MicrosphereProjectionInterpolator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/MicrosphereProjectionInterpolator.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.NullArgumentException;
 /**
  * Interpolator that implements the algorithm described in
  * <em>William Dudziak</em>'s
- * <a href="http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1183403994";>MS 
thesis</a>.
+ * <a href="https://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1183403994";>MS 
thesis</a>.
  *
  * @since 3.6
  */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/NevilleInterpolator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/NevilleInterpolator.java
index 474ba05c3..ce903741c 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/NevilleInterpolator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/NevilleInterpolator.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.NonMonotonicSequenceException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.NumberIsTooSmallException;
 
 /**
- * Implements the <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NevillesAlgorithm.html";>
+ * Implements the <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/NevillesAlgorithm.html";>
  * Neville's Algorithm</a> for interpolation of real univariate functions. For
  * reference, see <b>Introduction to Numerical Analysis</b>, ISBN 038795452X,
  * chapter 2.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/PiecewiseBicubicSplineInterpolatingFunction.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/PiecewiseBicubicSplineInterpolatingFunction.java
index 9a8b80a7a..d17195f07 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/PiecewiseBicubicSplineInterpolatingFunction.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/PiecewiseBicubicSplineInterpolatingFunction.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.MathArrays;
 
 /**
  * Function that implements the
- * <a href="http://www.paulinternet.nl/?page=bicubic";>bicubic spline</a>
+ * <a href="https://www.paulinternet.nl/?page=bicubic";>bicubic spline</a>
  * interpolation.
  * This implementation currently uses {@link AkimaSplineInterpolator} as the
  * underlying one-dimensional interpolator, which requires 5 sample points;
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/TricubicInterpolatingFunction.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/TricubicInterpolatingFunction.java
index 7e72067d5..f5199da4e 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/TricubicInterpolatingFunction.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/interpolation/TricubicInterpolatingFunction.java
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.MathArrays;
 
 /**
  * Function that implements the
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricubic_interpolation";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricubic_interpolation";>
  * tricubic spline interpolation</a>, as proposed in
  * <blockquote>
  *  Tricubic interpolation in three dimensions<br>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.java
index d2bdeea36..c5dc1dd6f 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 /**
  * Immutable representation of a real polynomial function with real 
coefficients.
  * <p>
- * <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/HornersMethod.html";>Horner's 
Method</a>
+ * <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/HornersMethod.html";>Horner's 
Method</a>
  * is used to evaluate the function.</p>
  *
  */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunctionLagrangeForm.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunctionLagrangeForm.java
index 420a60f19..95ed5e9a0 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunctionLagrangeForm.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunctionLagrangeForm.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.MathArrays;
 
 /**
  * Implements the representation of a real polynomial function in
- * <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LagrangeInterpolatingPolynomial.html";>
+ * <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/LagrangeInterpolatingPolynomial.html";>
  * Lagrange Form</a>. For reference, see <b>Introduction to Numerical
  * Analysis</b>, ISBN 038795452X, chapter 2.
  * <p>
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ public class PolynomialFunctionLagrangeForm implements 
UnivariateFunction {
 
     /**
      * Evaluate the Lagrange polynomial using
-     * <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NevillesAlgorithm.html";>
+     * <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/NevillesAlgorithm.html";>
      * Neville's Algorithm</a>. It takes O(n^2) time.
      *
      * @param x Interpolating points array.
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ public class PolynomialFunctionLagrangeForm implements 
UnivariateFunction {
 
     /**
      * Evaluate the Lagrange polynomial using
-     * <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NevillesAlgorithm.html";>
+     * <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/NevillesAlgorithm.html";>
      * Neville's Algorithm</a>. It takes O(n^2) time.
      *
      * @param x Interpolating points array.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunctionNewtonForm.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunctionNewtonForm.java
index 7f00cafbd..b808a6f99 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunctionNewtonForm.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunctionNewtonForm.java
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ public class PolynomialFunctionNewtonForm implements 
UnivariateDifferentiableFun
 
     /**
      * Evaluate the Newton polynomial using nested multiplication. It is
-     * also called <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/HornersRule.html";>
+     * also called <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/HornersRule.html";>
      * Horner's Rule</a> and takes O(N) time.
      *
      * @param a Coefficients in Newton form formula.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialsUtils.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialsUtils.java
index 71752436d..3a7c07e44 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialsUtils.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialsUtils.java
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public final class PolynomialsUtils {
 
     /**
      * Create a Hermite polynomial.
-     * <p><a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/HermitePolynomial.html";>Hermite
+     * <p><a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/HermitePolynomial.html";>Hermite
      * polynomials</a> are orthogonal polynomials.
      * They can be defined by the following recurrence relations:</p><p>
      * \(
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ public final class PolynomialsUtils {
 
     /**
      * Create a Laguerre polynomial.
-     * <p><a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LaguerrePolynomial.html";>Laguerre
+     * <p><a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/LaguerrePolynomial.html";>Laguerre
      * polynomials</a> are orthogonal polynomials.
      * They can be defined by the following recurrence relations:</p><p>
      * \(
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public final class PolynomialsUtils {
 
     /**
      * Create a Legendre polynomial.
-     * <p><a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LegendrePolynomial.html";>Legendre
+     * <p><a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/LegendrePolynomial.html";>Legendre
      * polynomials</a> are orthogonal polynomials.
      * They can be defined by the following recurrence relations:</p><p>
      * \(
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ public final class PolynomialsUtils {
 
     /**
      * Create a Jacobi polynomial.
-     * <p><a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/JacobiPolynomial.html";>Jacobi
+     * <p><a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/JacobiPolynomial.html";>Jacobi
      * polynomials</a> are orthogonal polynomials.
      * They can be defined by the following recurrence relations:</p><p>
      * \(
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BisectionSolver.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BisectionSolver.java
index b833b28c9..e5fea2d92 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BisectionSolver.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BisectionSolver.java
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.TooManyEvaluationsException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * Implements the <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Bisection.html";>
+ * Implements the <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Bisection.html";>
  * bisection algorithm</a> for finding zeros of univariate real functions.
  * <p>
  * The function should be continuous but not necessarily smooth.</p>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BracketingNthOrderBrentSolver.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BracketingNthOrderBrentSolver.java
index 5d8040ec0..3c10fe8f4 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BracketingNthOrderBrentSolver.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BracketingNthOrderBrentSolver.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.numbers.core.Precision;
 
 /**
  * This class implements a modification of the <a
- * href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/BrentsMethod.html";> Brent algorithm</a>.
+ * href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/BrentsMethod.html";> Brent algorithm</a>.
  * <p>
  * The changes with respect to the original Brent algorithm are:
  * <ul>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BrentSolver.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BrentSolver.java
index 3e9f209d5..2071db163 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BrentSolver.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/BrentSolver.java
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ package org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.analysis.solvers;
 
 
 /**
- * This class implements the <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/BrentsMethod.html";>
+ * This class implements the <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/BrentsMethod.html";>
  * Brent algorithm</a> for finding zeros of real univariate functions.
  * The function should be continuous but not necessarily smooth.
  * The {@code solve} method returns a zero {@code x} of the function {@code f}
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/FieldBracketingNthOrderBrentSolver.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/FieldBracketingNthOrderBrentSolver.java
index 87f787062..c24bff835 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/FieldBracketingNthOrderBrentSolver.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/FieldBracketingNthOrderBrentSolver.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.numbers.core.Precision;
 
 /**
  * This class implements a modification of the <a
- * href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/BrentsMethod.html";> Brent algorithm</a>.
+ * href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/BrentsMethod.html";> Brent algorithm</a>.
  * <p>
  * The changes with respect to the original Brent algorithm are:
  * <ul>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/LaguerreSolver.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/LaguerreSolver.java
index e009473ce..590b8f9d3 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/LaguerreSolver.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/LaguerreSolver.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.util.LocalizedFormats;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * Implements the <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LaguerresMethod.html";>
+ * Implements the <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/LaguerresMethod.html";>
  * Laguerre's Method</a> for root finding of real coefficient polynomials.
  * For reference, see
  * <blockquote>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/MullerSolver.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/MullerSolver.java
index f71cdc6bf..79252a2b1 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/MullerSolver.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/MullerSolver.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.TooManyEvaluationsException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * This class implements the <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MullersMethod.html";>
+ * This class implements the <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/MullersMethod.html";>
  * Muller's Method</a> for root finding of real univariate functions. For
  * reference, see <b>Elementary Numerical Analysis</b>, ISBN 0070124477,
  * chapter 3.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/MullerSolver2.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/MullerSolver2.java
index fd8d3e558..bf12b4f85 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/MullerSolver2.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/MullerSolver2.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.TooManyEvaluationsException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * This class implements the <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MullersMethod.html";>
+ * This class implements the <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/MullersMethod.html";>
  * Muller's Method</a> for root finding of real univariate functions. For
  * reference, see <b>Elementary Numerical Analysis</b>, ISBN 0070124477,
  * chapter 3.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/NewtonRaphsonSolver.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/NewtonRaphsonSolver.java
index 4b5c5480e..2f9f94c19 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/NewtonRaphsonSolver.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/NewtonRaphsonSolver.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.TooManyEvaluationsException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * Implements <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NewtonsMethod.html";>
+ * Implements <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/NewtonsMethod.html";>
  * Newton's Method</a> for finding zeros of real univariate differentiable
  * functions.
  *
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/RiddersSolver.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/RiddersSolver.java
index 4a73eb1dc..074394dd2 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/RiddersSolver.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/analysis/solvers/RiddersSolver.java
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.TooManyEvaluationsException;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * Implements the <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/RiddersMethod.html";>
+ * Implements the <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/RiddersMethod.html";>
  * Ridders' Method</a> for root finding of real univariate functions. For
  * reference, see C. Ridders, <i>A new algorithm for computing a single root
  * of a real continuous function </i>, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/AbstractRealDistribution.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/AbstractRealDistribution.java
index 30bfafb39..5411f3067 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/AbstractRealDistribution.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/AbstractRealDistribution.java
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * This base class provides a default factory method for creating
  * a {@link 
org.apache.commons.statistics.distribution.ContinuousDistribution.Sampler
  * sampler instance} that uses the
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_transform_sampling";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_transform_sampling";>
  * inversion method</a> for generating random samples that follow the
  * distribution.
  * </p>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/EmpiricalDistribution.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/EmpiricalDistribution.java
index 983d22afd..2c633fe19 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/EmpiricalDistribution.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/EmpiricalDistribution.java
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.stat.descriptive.SummaryStatistics;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
 /**
- * <p>Represents an <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirical_distribution_function";>
+ * <p>Represents an <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirical_distribution_function";>
  * empirical probability distribution</a>: Probability distribution derived
  * from observed data without making any assumptions about the functional
  * form of the population distribution that the data come from.</p>
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * the distribution of the values in the file.
  *
  * <p>The implementation uses what amounts to the
- * <a 
href="http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/March02/Silverman/Silver2_6.html";>
+ * <a 
href="https://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/March02/Silverman/Silver2_6.html";>
  * Variable Kernel Method</a> with Gaussian smoothing:<p>
  * <strong>Digesting the input file</strong>
  * <ol>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/EnumeratedDistribution.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/EnumeratedDistribution.java
index 9d406dc14..1774ca19c 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/EnumeratedDistribution.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/EnumeratedDistribution.java
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.Pair;
 
 /**
  * <p>A generic implementation of a
- * <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_distribution#Discrete_probability_distribution";>
+ * <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_distribution#Discrete_probability_distribution";>
  * discrete probability distribution (Wikipedia)</a> over a finite sample 
space,
  * based on an enumerated list of &lt;value, probability&gt; pairs.  Input 
probabilities must all be non-negative,
  * but zero values are allowed and their sum does not have to equal one. 
Constructors will normalize input
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/MixtureMultivariateRealDistribution.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/MixtureMultivariateRealDistribution.java
index b8d8929b9..4ca80949d 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/MixtureMultivariateRealDistribution.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/MixtureMultivariateRealDistribution.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.rng.UniformRandomProvider;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.Pair;
 
 /**
- * Class for representing <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixture_model";>
+ * Class for representing <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixture_model";>
  * mixture model</a> distributions.
  *
  * @param <T> Type of the mixture components.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/MultivariateNormalDistribution.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/MultivariateNormalDistribution.java
index 8470f9541..85523adf0 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/MultivariateNormalDistribution.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/MultivariateNormalDistribution.java
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 /**
  * Implementation of the multivariate normal (Gaussian) distribution.
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariate_normal_distribution";>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariate_normal_distribution";>
  * Multivariate normal distribution (Wikipedia)</a>
- * @see <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MultivariateNormalDistribution.html";>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/MultivariateNormalDistribution.html";>
  * Multivariate normal distribution (MathWorld)</a>
  *
  * @since 3.1
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/fitting/MultivariateNormalMixtureExpectationMaximization.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/fitting/MultivariateNormalMixtureExpectationMaximization.java
index a3c7397d2..35920338e 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/fitting/MultivariateNormalMixtureExpectationMaximization.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/distribution/fitting/MultivariateNormalMixtureExpectationMaximization.java
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.Pair;
  * EM Demystified: An Expectation-Maximization Tutorial</a> by Yihua Chen and 
Maya R. Gupta,
  * Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 
98195.
  * It was verified using external tools like <a
- * href="http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/mixtools/index.html";>CRAN 
Mixtools</a>
+ * href="https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/mixtools/index.html";>CRAN 
Mixtools</a>
  * (see the JUnit test cases) but it is <strong>not</strong> based on Mixtools 
code at all.
  * The discussion of the origin of this class can be seen in the comments of 
the <a
  * href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/MATH-817";>MATH-817</a> JIRA 
issue.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/field/linalg/FieldLUDecomposition.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/field/linalg/FieldLUDecomposition.java
index 0bfd700c0..3505a0ad3 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/field/linalg/FieldLUDecomposition.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/field/linalg/FieldLUDecomposition.java
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.linear.SingularMatrixException;
  *
  * @param <T> Type of the field elements.
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LUDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
- * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LU_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/LUDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LU_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
  *
  * @since 4.0
  */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/filter/KalmanFilter.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/filter/KalmanFilter.java
index 5e6f93ecd..7afc238c7 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/filter/KalmanFilter.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/filter/KalmanFilter.java
@@ -68,11 +68,11 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.linear.SingularMatrixException;
  * <li>P - error covariance matrix</li>
  * </ul>
  *
- * @see <a href="http://www.cs.unc.edu/~welch/kalman/";>Kalman filter
+ * @see <a href="https://www.cs.unc.edu/~welch/kalman/";>Kalman filter
  *      resources</a>
- * @see <a href="http://www.cs.unc.edu/~welch/media/pdf/kalman_intro.pdf";>An
+ * @see <a href="https://www.cs.unc.edu/~welch/media/pdf/kalman_intro.pdf";>An
  *      introduction to the Kalman filter by Greg Welch and Gary Bishop</a>
- * @see <a href="http://academic.csuohio.edu/simond/courses/eec644/kalman.pdf";>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://academic.csuohio.edu/simond/courses/eec644/kalman.pdf";>
  *      Kalman filter example by Dan Simon</a>
  * @see ProcessModel
  * @see MeasurementModel
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/LevenbergMarquardtOptimizer.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/LevenbergMarquardtOptimizer.java
index c7ffea1ab..2c09f8f95 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/LevenbergMarquardtOptimizer.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/LevenbergMarquardtOptimizer.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.numbers.core.Precision;
  * are changed to implement this.</p>
  *
  * <p>The resolution engine is a simple translation of the MINPACK <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/lmder.f";>lmder</a> routine with minor
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/lmder.f";>lmder</a> routine with minor
  * changes. The changes include the over-determined resolution, the use of
  * inherited convergence checker and the Q.R. decomposition which has been
  * rewritten following the algorithm described in the
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.numbers.core.Precision;
  * <li>Jorge J. More</li>
  * </ul>
  * The redistribution policy for MINPACK is available <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>, for convenience, 
it
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>, for convenience, 
it
  * is reproduced below.
  *
  * <table style="text-align: center; background-color: #E0E0E0" border="">
@@ -593,7 +593,7 @@ public class LevenbergMarquardtOptimizer implements 
LeastSquaresOptimizer {
      * Determines the Levenberg-Marquardt parameter.
      *
      * <p>This implementation is a translation in Java of the MINPACK
-     * <a href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/lmpar.f";>lmpar</a>
+     * <a href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/lmpar.f";>lmpar</a>
      * routine.</p>
      * <p>This method sets the lmPar and lmDir attributes.</p>
      * <p>The authors of the original fortran function are:</p>
@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ public class LevenbergMarquardtOptimizer implements 
LeastSquaresOptimizer {
     /**
      * Solve a*x = b and d*x = 0 in the least squares sense.
      * <p>This implementation is a translation in Java of the MINPACK
-     * <a href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/qrsolv.f";>qrsolv</a>
+     * <a href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/qrsolv.f";>qrsolv</a>
      * routine.</p>
      * <p>This method sets the lmDir and lmDiag attributes.</p>
      * <p>The authors of the original fortran function are:</p>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/genetics/CycleCrossover.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/genetics/CycleCrossover.java
index 5f06354c0..e70b13b6e 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/genetics/CycleCrossover.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/genetics/CycleCrossover.java
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.util.LocalizedFormats;
  * This policy works only on {@link AbstractListChromosome}, and therefore it
  * is parameterized by T. Moreover, the chromosomes must have same lengths.
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://www.rubicite.com/Tutorials/GeneticAlgorithms/CrossoverOperators/CycleCrossoverOperator.aspx";>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://www.rubicite.com/Tutorials/GeneticAlgorithms/CrossoverOperators/CycleCrossoverOperator.aspx";>
  * Cycle Crossover Operator</a>
  *
  * @param <T> generic type of the {@link AbstractListChromosome}s for crossover
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/genetics/OrderedCrossover.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/genetics/OrderedCrossover.java
index 7669b55ba..594e64e4b 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/genetics/OrderedCrossover.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/genetics/OrderedCrossover.java
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * This policy works only on {@link AbstractListChromosome}, and therefore it
  * is parameterized by T. Moreover, the chromosomes must have same lengths.
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://www.rubicite.com/Tutorials/GeneticAlgorithms/CrossoverOperators/Order1CrossoverOperator.aspx";>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://www.rubicite.com/Tutorials/GeneticAlgorithms/CrossoverOperators/Order1CrossoverOperator.aspx";>
  * Order 1 Crossover Operator</a>
  *
  * @param <T> generic type of the {@link AbstractListChromosome}s for crossover
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/genetics/UniformCrossover.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/genetics/UniformCrossover.java
index e1bd43a23..e4ea8b791 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/genetics/UniformCrossover.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/genetics/UniformCrossover.java
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ import org.apache.commons.rng.UniformRandomProvider;
  * This policy works only on {@link AbstractListChromosome}, and therefore it
  * is parameterized by T. Moreover, the chromosomes must have same lengths.
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossover_%28genetic_algorithm%29";>Crossover 
techniques (Wikipedia)</a>
- * @see <a 
href="http://www.obitko.com/tutorials/genetic-algorithms/crossover-mutation.php";>Crossover
 (Obitko.com)</a>
- * @see <a href="http://www.tomaszgwiazda.com/uniformX.htm";>Uniform 
crossover</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossover_%28genetic_algorithm%29";>Crossover
 techniques (Wikipedia)</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://www.obitko.com/tutorials/genetic-algorithms/crossover-mutation.php";>Crossover
 (Obitko.com)</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://www.tomaszgwiazda.com/uniformX.htm";>Uniform 
crossover</a>
  * @param <T> generic type of the {@link AbstractListChromosome}s for crossover
  * @since 3.1
  */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/CholeskyDecomposition.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/CholeskyDecomposition.java
index ef54331bf..2e8a5a073 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/CholeskyDecomposition.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/CholeskyDecomposition.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * matrix A consists of a lower triangular matrix L with same size such
  * that: A = LL<sup>T</sup>. In a sense, this is the square root of A.</p>
  * <p>This class is based on the class with similar name from the
- * <a href="http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> library, with the
+ * <a href="https://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> library, with 
the
  * following changes:</p>
  * <ul>
  *   <li>a {@link #getLT() getLT} method has been added,</li>
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  *   {@link DecompositionSolver}.</li>
  * </ul>
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/CholeskyDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
- * @see <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesky_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/CholeskyDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesky_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
  * @since 2.0 (changed to concrete class in 3.0)
  */
 public class CholeskyDecomposition {
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/ConjugateGradient.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/ConjugateGradient.java
index 42479bf85..fbd21c3d2 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/ConjugateGradient.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/ConjugateGradient.java
@@ -60,12 +60,12 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.util.ExceptionContext;
  * <dt><a id="BARR1994">Barret et al. (1994)</a></dt>
  * <dd>R. Barrett, M. Berry, T. F. Chan, J. Demmel, J. M. Donato, J. Dongarra,
  * V. Eijkhout, R. Pozo, C. Romine and H. Van der Vorst,
- * <a href="http://www.netlib.org/linalg/html_templates/Templates.html";><em>
+ * <a href="https://www.netlib.org/linalg/html_templates/Templates.html";><em>
  * Templates for the Solution of Linear Systems: Building Blocks for Iterative
  * Methods</em></a>, SIAM</dd>
  * <dt><a id="STRA2002">Strakos and Tichy (2002)</a></dt>
  * <dd>Z. Strakos and P. Tichy, <a
- * href="http://etna.mcs.kent.edu/vol.13.2002/pp56-80.dir/pp56-80.pdf";>
+ * href="https://etna.mcs.kent.edu/vol.13.2002/pp56-80.dir/pp56-80.pdf";>
  * <em>On error estimation in the conjugate gradient method and why it works
  * in finite precision computations</em></a>, Electronic Transactions on
  * Numerical Analysis 13: 56-80, 2002</dd>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/DecompositionSolver.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/DecompositionSolver.java
index a23cda747..81aeae313 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/DecompositionSolver.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/DecompositionSolver.java
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public interface DecompositionSolver {
     boolean isNonSingular();
 
     /**
-     * Get the <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%E2%80%93Penrose_pseudoinverse";>pseudo-inverse</a>
+     * Get the <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%E2%80%93Penrose_pseudoinverse";>pseudo-inverse</a>
      * of the decomposed matrix.
      * <p>
      * <em>This is equal to the inverse  of the decomposed matrix, if such an 
inverse exists.</em>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/EigenDecomposition.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/EigenDecomposition.java
index c3295e4c5..8a2b87bd7 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/EigenDecomposition.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/EigenDecomposition.java
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * A, V and D are all m &times; m matrices.
  * <p>
  * This class is similar in spirit to the {@code EigenvalueDecomposition}
- * class from the <a href="http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a>
+ * class from the <a href="https://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a>
  * library, with the following changes:
  * <ul>
  *   <li>a {@link #getVT() getVt} method has been added,</li>
@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * Handbook for automatic computation, vol. 2, Linear algebra, Springer-Verlag,
  * New-York.
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/EigenDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
- * @see <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigendecomposition_of_a_matrix";>Wikipedia</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/EigenDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigendecomposition_of_a_matrix";>Wikipedia</a>
  * @since 2.0 (changed to concrete class in 3.0)
  */
 public class EigenDecomposition {
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/FieldLUDecomposition.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/FieldLUDecomposition.java
index a93dd6b9e..e0b0cadde 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/FieldLUDecomposition.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/FieldLUDecomposition.java
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.MathArrays;
  * a zero pivot element, no attempt is done to get the largest pivot
  * element.</p>
  * <p>This class is based on the class with similar name from the
- * <a href="http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> library.</p>
+ * <a href="https://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> library.</p>
  * <ul>
  *   <li>a {@link #getP() getP} method has been added,</li>
  *   <li>the {@code det} method has been renamed as {@link #getDeterminant()
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.MathArrays;
  * </ul>
  *
  * @param <T> the type of the field elements
- * @see <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LUDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
- * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LU_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/LUDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LU_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
  * @since 2.0 (changed to concrete class in 3.0)
  */
 public class FieldLUDecomposition<T extends FieldElement<T>> {
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/FieldMatrix.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/FieldMatrix.java
index 3bb739cc0..b703fbde7 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/FieldMatrix.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/FieldMatrix.java
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ public interface FieldMatrix<T extends FieldElement<T>> 
extends AnyMatrix {
     FieldMatrix<T> transpose();
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MatrixTrace.html";>
+     * Returns the <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/MatrixTrace.html";>
      * trace</a> of the matrix (the sum of the elements on the main diagonal).
      *
      * @return trace
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/HessenbergTransformer.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/HessenbergTransformer.java
index 1474cfc40..14823d7a8 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/HessenbergTransformer.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/HessenbergTransformer.java
@@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ import org.apache.commons.numbers.core.Precision;
  * of this explicitly limited scope, many methods directly returns references 
to
  * internal arrays, not copies.</p>
  * <p>This class is based on the method orthes in class EigenvalueDecomposition
- * from the <a href="http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> 
library.</p>
+ * from the <a href="https://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> 
library.</p>
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/HessenbergDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
- * @see <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Householder_transformation";>Householder 
Transformations</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/HessenbergDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Householder_transformation";>Householder 
Transformations</a>
  * @since 3.1
  */
 class HessenbergTransformer {
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/IterativeLinearSolverEvent.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/IterativeLinearSolverEvent.java
index 12a16ad91..acaa7bc55 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/IterativeLinearSolverEvent.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/IterativeLinearSolverEvent.java
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public abstract class IterativeLinearSolverEvent
      * Z. Strakos, <em>Predicting the Behavior of Finite Precision Lanzos and
      * Conjugate Gradient Computations</em>, Technical Report 538, Department 
of
      * Computer Science, New York University, 1991 (available
-     * <a 
href="http://www.archive.org/details/predictingbehavi00gree";>here</a>).
+     * <a 
href="https://www.archive.org/details/predictingbehavi00gree";>here</a>).
      *
      * @return the norm of the residual, ||r||
      */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/LUDecomposition.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/LUDecomposition.java
index b2360462f..51e008f82 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/LUDecomposition.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/LUDecomposition.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * <p>As shown by the presence of the P matrix, this decomposition is
  * implemented using partial pivoting.</p>
  * <p>This class is based on the class with similar name from the
- * <a href="http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> library.</p>
+ * <a href="https://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> library.</p>
  * <ul>
  *   <li>a {@link #getP() getP} method has been added,</li>
  *   <li>the {@code det} method has been renamed as {@link #getDeterminant()
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  *   provided by the returned {@link DecompositionSolver}.</li>
  * </ul>
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LUDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
- * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LU_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/LUDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LU_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
  * @since 2.0 (changed to concrete class in 3.0)
  */
 public class LUDecomposition {
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/QRDecomposition.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/QRDecomposition.java
index bfa49f3f6..c9b1920f8 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/QRDecomposition.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/QRDecomposition.java
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.util.LocalizedFormats;
  * This allows inner loop to iterate inside rows, which is much more 
cache-efficient
  * in Java.</p>
  * <p>This class is based on the class with similar name from the
- * <a href="http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> library, with the
+ * <a href="https://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> library, with 
the
  * following changes:</p>
  * <ul>
  *   <li>a {@link #getQT() getQT} method has been added,</li>
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.util.LocalizedFormats;
  *   provided by the returned {@link DecompositionSolver}.</li>
  * </ul>
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/QRDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
- * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QR_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/QRDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QR_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
  *
  * @since 1.2 (changed to concrete class in 3.0)
  */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/RRQRDecomposition.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/RRQRDecomposition.java
index 9988f8ffe..a17c35979 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/RRQRDecomposition.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/RRQRDecomposition.java
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * This allows inner loop to iterate inside rows, which is much more 
cache-efficient
  * in Java.</p>
  * <p>This class is based on the class with similar name from the
- * <a href="http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> library, with the
+ * <a href="https://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> library, with 
the
  * following changes:</p>
  * <ul>
  *   <li>a {@link #getQT() getQT} method has been added,</li>
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  *   provided by the returned {@link DecompositionSolver}.</li>
  * </ul>
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/QRDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
- * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QR_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/QRDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QR_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
  *
  * @since 3.2
  */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/RealMatrix.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/RealMatrix.java
index dc74f27a1..6e13f9628 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/RealMatrix.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/RealMatrix.java
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ public interface RealMatrix extends AnyMatrix {
     double[][] getData();
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MaximumAbsoluteRowSumNorm.html";>
+     * Returns the <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/MaximumAbsoluteRowSumNorm.html";>
      * maximum absolute row sum norm</a> of the matrix.
      *
      * @return norm
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ public interface RealMatrix extends AnyMatrix {
     double getNorm();
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/FrobeniusNorm.html";>
+     * Returns the <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/FrobeniusNorm.html";>
      * Frobenius norm</a> of the matrix.
      *
      * @return norm
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ public interface RealMatrix extends AnyMatrix {
     RealMatrix transpose();
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MatrixTrace.html";>
+     * Returns the <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/MatrixTrace.html";>
      * trace</a> of the matrix (the sum of the elements on the main diagonal).
      *
      * @return the trace.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/RectangularCholeskyDecomposition.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/RectangularCholeskyDecomposition.java
index b66f214c3..dac5a4fc7 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/RectangularCholeskyDecomposition.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/RectangularCholeskyDecomposition.java
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * linear systems, so it does not provide any {@link DecompositionSolver
  * decomposition solver}.</p>
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/CholeskyDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
- * @see <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesky_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/CholeskyDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesky_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
  * @since 2.0 (changed to concrete class in 3.0)
  */
 public class RectangularCholeskyDecomposition {
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public class RectangularCholeskyDecomposition {
      * columns by proceeding with the Cholesky algorithm until a nonpositive 
diagonal
      * element is encountered.
      *
-     * @see <a 
href="http://eprints.ma.man.ac.uk/1193/01/covered/MIMS_ep2008_56.pdf";>
+     * @see <a 
href="https://eprints.ma.man.ac.uk/1193/01/covered/MIMS_ep2008_56.pdf";>
      * Analysis of the Cholesky Decomposition of a Semi-definite Matrix</a>
      *
      * @param matrix Symmetric positive semidefinite matrix.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SchurTransformer.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SchurTransformer.java
index 7edc27fd4..25373baff 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SchurTransformer.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SchurTransformer.java
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ import org.apache.commons.numbers.core.Precision;
  * of this explicitly limited scope, many methods directly returns references 
to
  * internal arrays, not copies.</p>
  * <p>This class is based on the method hqr2 in class EigenvalueDecomposition
- * from the <a href="http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> 
library.</p>
+ * from the <a href="https://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> 
library.</p>
  *
- * @see <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/SchurDecomposition.html";>Schur 
Decomposition - MathWorld</a>
- * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schur_decomposition";>Schur 
Decomposition - Wikipedia</a>
- * @see <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Householder_transformation";>Householder 
Transformations</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/SchurDecomposition.html";>Schur 
Decomposition - MathWorld</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schur_decomposition";>Schur 
Decomposition - Wikipedia</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Householder_transformation";>Householder 
Transformations</a>
  * @since 3.1
  */
 class SchurTransformer {
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SingularValueDecomposition.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SingularValueDecomposition.java
index 76bc1044c..6f0476c01 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SingularValueDecomposition.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SingularValueDecomposition.java
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.numbers.core.Precision;
  * p=min(m,n).
  * </p>
  * <p>This class is similar to the class with similar name from the
- * <a href="http://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> library, with the
+ * <a href="https://math.nist.gov/javanumerics/jama/";>JAMA</a> library, with 
the
  * following changes:</p>
  * <ul>
  *   <li>the {@code norm2} method which has been renamed as {@link #getNorm()
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ import org.apache.commons.numbers.core.Precision;
  *   <li>a {@link #getSolver() getSolver} method has been added,</li>
  *   <li>a {@link #getCovariance(double) getCovariance} method has been 
added.</li>
  * </ul>
- * @see <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/SingularValueDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
- * @see <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singular_value_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/SingularValueDecomposition.html";>MathWorld</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singular_value_decomposition";>Wikipedia</a>
  * @since 2.0 (changed to concrete class in 3.0)
  */
 public class SingularValueDecomposition {
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SymmLQ.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SymmLQ.java
index f02fb84f6..ec422c82e 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SymmLQ.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/linear/SymmLQ.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * Implementation of the SYMMLQ iterative linear solver proposed by <a
  * href="#PAIG1975">Paige and Saunders (1975)</a>. This implementation is
  * largely based on the FORTRAN code by Pr. Michael A. Saunders, available <a
- * href="http://www.stanford.edu/group/SOL/software/symmlq/f77/";>here</a>.
+ * href="https://www.stanford.edu/group/SOL/software/symmlq/f77/";>here</a>.
  * </p>
  * <p>
  * SYMMLQ is designed to solve the system of linear equations A &middot; x = b
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * <dl>
  * <dt><a id="PAIG1975">Paige and Saunders (1975)</a></dt>
  * <dd>C. C. Paige and M. A. Saunders, <a
- * href="http://www.stanford.edu/group/SOL/software/symmlq/PS75.pdf";><em>
+ * href="https://www.stanford.edu/group/SOL/software/symmlq/PS75.pdf";><em>
  * Solution of Sparse Indefinite Systems of Linear Equations</em></a>, SIAM
  * Journal on Numerical Analysis 12(4): 617-629, 1975</dd>
  * </dl>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ml/clustering/DBSCANClusterer.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ml/clustering/DBSCANClusterer.java
index 0687b6ed5..f732a9d77 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ml/clustering/DBSCANClusterer.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ml/clustering/DBSCANClusterer.java
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.ml.distance.EuclideanDistance;
  * </ul>
  *
  * @param <T> type of the points to cluster
- * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBSCAN";>DBSCAN (wikipedia)</a>
- * @see <a 
href="http://www.dbs.ifi.lmu.de/Publikationen/Papers/KDD-96.final.frame.pdf";>
+ * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBSCAN";>DBSCAN (wikipedia)</a>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://www.dbs.ifi.lmu.de/Publikationen/Papers/KDD-96.final.frame.pdf";>
  * A Density-Based Algorithm for Discovering Clusters in Large Spatial 
Databases with Noise</a>
  * @since 3.2
  */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ml/clustering/KMeansPlusPlusClusterer.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ml/clustering/KMeansPlusPlusClusterer.java
index ebb533d4b..99c614b3b 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ml/clustering/KMeansPlusPlusClusterer.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ml/clustering/KMeansPlusPlusClusterer.java
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 /**
  * Clustering algorithm based on David Arthur and Sergei Vassilvitski 
k-means++ algorithm.
  * @param <T> type of the points to cluster
- * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-means%2B%2B";>K-means++ 
(wikipedia)</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-means%2B%2B";>K-means++ 
(wikipedia)</a>
  * @since 3.2
  */
 public class KMeansPlusPlusClusterer<T extends Clusterable> extends 
Clusterer<T> {
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ml/distance/EarthMoversDistance.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ml/distance/EarthMoversDistance.java
index 6963d8228..d47d1bf90 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ml/distance/EarthMoversDistance.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ml/distance/EarthMoversDistance.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.MathArrays;
 /**
  * Calculates the Earth Mover's distance (also known as Wasserstein metric) 
between two distributions.
  *
- * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_mover's_distance">Earth 
Mover's distance (Wikipedia)</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_mover's_distance">Earth 
Mover's distance (Wikipedia)</a>
  *
  * @since 3.3
  */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/GraggBulirschStoerIntegrator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/GraggBulirschStoerIntegrator.java
index 56ec113e4..a7da9a987 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/GraggBulirschStoerIntegrator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/GraggBulirschStoerIntegrator.java
@@ -56,10 +56,10 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * <p>
  * This implementation is basically a reimplementation in Java of the
  * <a
- * href="http://www.unige.ch/math/folks/hairer/prog/nonstiff/odex.f";>odex</a>
+ * href="https://www.unige.ch/math/folks/hairer/prog/nonstiff/odex.f";>odex</a>
  * fortran code by E. Hairer and G. Wanner. The redistribution policy
  * for this code is available <a
- * href="http://www.unige.ch/~hairer/prog/licence.txt";>here</a>, for
+ * href="https://www.unige.ch/~hairer/prog/licence.txt";>here</a>, for
  * convenience, it is reproduced below.</p>
  *
  * <table border="" style="text-align: center; background-color: #E0E0E0">
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/GraggBulirschStoerStepInterpolator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/GraggBulirschStoerStepInterpolator.java
index 83ec8e512..8d55fd33f 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/GraggBulirschStoerStepInterpolator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/GraggBulirschStoerStepInterpolator.java
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * <p>
  * This implementation is basically a reimplementation in Java of the
  * <a
- * href="http://www.unige.ch/math/folks/hairer/prog/nonstiff/odex.f";>odex</a>
+ * href="https://www.unige.ch/math/folks/hairer/prog/nonstiff/odex.f";>odex</a>
  * fortran code by E. Hairer and G. Wanner. The redistribution policy
  * for this code is available <a
- * href="http://www.unige.ch/~hairer/prog/licence.txt";>here</a>, for
+ * href="https://www.unige.ch/~hairer/prog/licence.txt";>here</a>, for
  * convenience, it is reproduced below.</p>
  *
  * <table border="" style="text-align: center; background-color: #E0E0E0;">
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/LutherFieldIntegrator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/LutherFieldIntegrator.java
index 1cbef0387..bb96b1974 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/LutherFieldIntegrator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/LutherFieldIntegrator.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.MathArrays;
 
  * <p>
  * This method is described in H. A. Luther 1968 paper <a
- * 
href="http://www.ams.org/journals/mcom/1968-22-102/S0025-5718-68-99876-1/S0025-5718-68-99876-1.pdf";>
+ * 
href="https://www.ams.org/journals/mcom/1968-22-102/S0025-5718-68-99876-1/S0025-5718-68-99876-1.pdf";>
  * An explicit Sixth-Order Runge-Kutta Formula</a>.
  * </p>
 
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/LutherIntegrator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/LutherIntegrator.java
index 13f55b35d..e7f7d71b1 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/LutherIntegrator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/ode/nonstiff/LutherIntegrator.java
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 
  * <p>
  * This method is described in H. A. Luther 1968 paper <a
- * 
href="http://www.ams.org/journals/mcom/1968-22-102/S0025-5718-68-99876-1/S0025-5718-68-99876-1.pdf";>
+ * 
href="https://www.ams.org/journals/mcom/1968-22-102/S0025-5718-68-99876-1/S0025-5718-68-99876-1.pdf";>
  * An explicit Sixth-Order Runge-Kutta Formula</a>.
  * </p>
 
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/BaseMultiStartMultivariateOptimizer.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/BaseMultiStartMultivariateOptimizer.java
index f4e57f3e6..28182d2b4 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/BaseMultiStartMultivariateOptimizer.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/BaseMultiStartMultivariateOptimizer.java
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public abstract class 
BaseMultiStartMultivariateOptimizer<PAIR>
      * a good probability to generate vectors in the bounded domain, otherwise 
the
      * rejection algorithm will hit the {@link #getMaxEvaluations()} count 
without
      * generating a proper restart point. Users must be take great care of the 
<a
-     * href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curse_of_dimensionality";>curse of 
dimensionality</a>.
+     * href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curse_of_dimensionality";>curse of 
dimensionality</a>.
      * </p>
      * @param optimizer Single-start optimizer to wrap.
      * @param starts Number of starts to perform. If {@code starts == 1},
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/BOBYQAOptimizer.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/BOBYQAOptimizer.java
index 5842dfceb..16921985c 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/BOBYQAOptimizer.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/BOBYQAOptimizer.java
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
 /**
  * Powell's BOBYQA algorithm. This implementation is translated and
  * adapted from the Fortran version available
- * <a href="http://plato.asu.edu/ftp/other_software/bobyqa.zip";>here</a>.
- * See <a href="http://www.optimization-online.org/DB_HTML/2010/05/2616.html";>
+ * <a href="https://plato.asu.edu/ftp/other_software/bobyqa.zip";>here</a>.
+ * See <a href="https://www.optimization-online.org/DB_HTML/2010/05/2616.html";>
  * this paper</a> for an introduction.
  * <br>
  * BOBYQA is particularly well suited for high dimensional problems
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/CMAESOptimizer.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/CMAESOptimizer.java
index 28c1d0f41..4c570b7cd 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/CMAESOptimizer.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/CMAESOptimizer.java
@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * <p>
  * For more information, please refer to the following links:
  * <ul>
- *  <li><a href="http://www.lri.fr/~hansen/cmaes.m";>Matlab code</a></li>
- *  <li><a href="http://www.lri.fr/~hansen/cmaesintro.html";>Introduction to 
CMA-ES</a></li>
- *  <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMA-ES";>Wikipedia</a></li>
+ *  <li><a href="https://www.lri.fr/~hansen/cmaes.m";>Matlab code</a></li>
+ *  <li><a href="https://www.lri.fr/~hansen/cmaesintro.html";>Introduction to 
CMA-ES</a></li>
+ *  <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMA-ES";>Wikipedia</a></li>
  * </ul>
  *
  * @since 3.0
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public class CMAESOptimizer
      * diagonalOnly = 1 means keeping the covariance matrix always diagonal and
      * this setting also exhibits linear space complexity. This can be
      * particularly useful for dimension > 100.
-     * @see <a href="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00287367/en";>A 
Simple Modification in CMA-ES</a>
+     * @see <a href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00287367/en";>A 
Simple Modification in CMA-ES</a>
      */
     private int diagonalOnly;
     /** Number of objective variables/problem dimension. */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/SimplexOptimizer.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/SimplexOptimizer.java
index 1916ab625..a8b76a04b 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/SimplexOptimizer.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/noderiv/SimplexOptimizer.java
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.optim.nonlinear.scalar.ObjectiveFunction;
  * Direct search methods only use objective function values, they do
  * not need derivatives and don't either try to compute approximation
  * of the derivatives. According to a 1996 paper by Margaret H. Wright
- * (<a href="http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/doc/96/4-02.ps.gz";>Direct
+ * (<a href="https://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/doc/96/4-02.ps.gz";>Direct
  * Search Methods: Once Scorned, Now Respectable</a>), they are used
  * when either the computation of the derivative is impossible (noisy
  * functions, unpredictable discontinuities) or difficult (complexity,
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/random/CorrelatedVectorFactory.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/random/CorrelatedVectorFactory.java
index 9b681d7d4..1e37a765f 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/random/CorrelatedVectorFactory.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/random/CorrelatedVectorFactory.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.linear.RectangularCholeskyDecomposition;
  * simulation of physical problems with several variables (for example to
  * generate error vectors to be added to a nominal vector). A particularly
  * common case is when the generated vector should be drawn from a
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariate_normal_distribution";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariate_normal_distribution";>
  * Multivariate Normal Distribution</a>, usually using Cholesky decomposition.
  * Other distributions are possible as long as the underlying sampler provides
  * normalized values (unit standard deviation).</p>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/random/HaltonSequenceGenerator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/random/HaltonSequenceGenerator.java
index a45e16e93..27337a3f5 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/random/HaltonSequenceGenerator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/random/HaltonSequenceGenerator.java
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.OutOfRangeException;
  * <p>
  * Halton sequences are known to suffer from linear correlation for larger 
prime numbers, thus the individual digits
  * are usually scrambled. This implementation already comes with support for 
up to 40 dimensions with optimal weight
- * numbers from <a 
href="http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07062004-140409/unrestricted/dissertation1.pdf";>
+ * numbers from <a 
href="https://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07062004-140409/unrestricted/dissertation1.pdf";>
  * H. Chi: Scrambled quasirandom sequences and their applications</a>.
  * <p>
  * The generator supports two modes:
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.OutOfRangeException;
  *   <li>random access to the i-th point in the sequence: {@link 
#skipTo(int)}</li>
  * </ul>
  *
- * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halton_sequence";>Halton sequence 
(Wikipedia)</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halton_sequence";>Halton 
sequence (Wikipedia)</a>
  * @see <a 
href="https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/131168/1/mcm2005_bartv.pdf";>
  * On the Halton sequence and its scramblings</a>
  * @since 3.3
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/random/SobolSequenceGenerator.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/random/SobolSequenceGenerator.java
index dcf1ad102..bf4a2a9ac 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/random/SobolSequenceGenerator.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/random/SobolSequenceGenerator.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * points in a space S, which are equi-distributed.
  * <p>
  * The implementation already comes with support for up to 21201 dimensions 
with direction numbers
- * calculated from <a href="http://web.maths.unsw.edu.au/~fkuo/sobol/";>Stephen 
Joe and Frances Kuo</a>.
+ * calculated from <a 
href="https://web.maths.unsw.edu.au/~fkuo/sobol/";>Stephen Joe and Frances 
Kuo</a>.
  * <p>
  * The generator supports two modes:
  * <ul>
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  *   <li>random access to the i-th point in the sequence: {@link 
#skipTo(int)}</li>
  * </ul>
  *
- * @see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobol_sequence";>Sobol sequence 
(Wikipedia)</a>
- * @see <a href="http://web.maths.unsw.edu.au/~fkuo/sobol/";>Sobol sequence 
direction numbers</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobol_sequence";>Sobol sequence 
(Wikipedia)</a>
+ * @see <a href="https://web.maths.unsw.edu.au/~fkuo/sobol/";>Sobol sequence 
direction numbers</a>
  *
  * @since 3.3
  */
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ public class SobolSequenceGenerator implements 
Supplier<double[]> {
      * direction vectors loaded from the given stream.
      * <p>
      * The expected format is identical to the files available from
-     * <a href="http://web.maths.unsw.edu.au/~fkuo/sobol/";>Stephen Joe and 
Frances Kuo</a>.
+     * <a href="https://web.maths.unsw.edu.au/~fkuo/sobol/";>Stephen Joe and 
Frances Kuo</a>.
      * The first line will be ignored as it is assumed to contain only the 
column headers.
      * The columns are:
      * <ul>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/special/BesselJ.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/special/BesselJ.java
index 05906c082..6ad328ff4 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/special/BesselJ.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/special/BesselJ.java
@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.core.jdkmath.JdkMath;
  * This class provides computation methods related to Bessel
  * functions of the first kind. Detailed descriptions of these functions are
  * available in <a
- * href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessel_function";>Wikipedia</a>, <a
- * href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abramowitz_and_Stegun";>Abrabowitz and
- * Stegun</a> (Ch. 9-11), and <a href="http://dlmf.nist.gov/";>DLMF</a> (Ch. 
10).
+ * href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessel_function";>Wikipedia</a>, <a
+ * href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abramowitz_and_Stegun";>Abrabowitz and
+ * Stegun</a> (Ch. 9-11), and <a href="https://dlmf.nist.gov/";>DLMF</a> (Ch. 
10).
  * <p>
  * This implementation is based on the rjbesl Fortran routine at
- * <a href="http://www.netlib.org/specfun/rjbesl";>Netlib</a>.</p>
+ * <a href="https://www.netlib.org/specfun/rjbesl";>Netlib</a>.</p>
  * <p>
  * From the Fortran code: </p>
  * <p>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/StatUtils.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/StatUtils.java
index 13531977e..841c46564 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/StatUtils.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/StatUtils.java
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ public final class StatUtils {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a 
href="http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Statistics/Summary/Variance";>
+     * Returns the <a 
href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Statistics/Summary/Variance";>
      * population variance</a> of the entries in the input array, or
      * <code>Double.NaN</code> if the array is empty.
      * <p>
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ public final class StatUtils {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a 
href="http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Statistics/Summary/Variance";>
+     * Returns the <a 
href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Statistics/Summary/Variance";>
      * population variance</a> of the entries in the specified portion of
      * the input array, or <code>Double.NaN</code> if the designated subarray
      * is empty.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/correlation/KendallsCorrelation.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/correlation/KendallsCorrelation.java
index 0f2dfb8a6..862949336 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/correlation/KendallsCorrelation.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/correlation/KendallsCorrelation.java
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.core.Pair;
  * Kendall's Tau with Ungrouped Data" in the Journal of the American
  * Statistical Association.
  *
- * @see <a 
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kendall_tau_rank_correlation_coefficient";>
+ * @see <a 
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kendall_tau_rank_correlation_coefficient";>
  * Kendall tau rank correlation coefficient (Wikipedia)</a>
- * @see <a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/2282833";>A Computer
+ * @see <a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2282833";>A Computer
  * Method for Calculating Kendall's Tau with Ungrouped Data</a>
  *
  * @since 3.3
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/correlation/StorelessBivariateCovariance.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/correlation/StorelessBivariateCovariance.java
index 83a010bfa..48892aaf6 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/correlation/StorelessBivariateCovariance.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/correlation/StorelessBivariateCovariance.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.exception.util.LocalizedFormats;
  * stored in memory.
  *
  * <p>This class is based on a paper written by Philippe P&eacute;bay:
- * <a href="http://prod.sandia.gov/techlib/access-control.cgi/2008/086212.pdf";>
+ * <a 
href="https://prod.sandia.gov/techlib/access-control.cgi/2008/086212.pdf";>
  * Formulas for Robust, One-Pass Parallel Computation of Covariances and
  * Arbitrary-Order Statistical Moments</a>, 2008, Technical Report 
SAND2008-6212,
  * Sandia National Laboratories. It computes the covariance for a pair of 
variables.
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/correlation/StorelessCovariance.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/correlation/StorelessCovariance.java
index 035ad804e..fc2fec6f1 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/correlation/StorelessCovariance.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/correlation/StorelessCovariance.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.linear.RealMatrix;
  * calls to incrementRow() or increment Covariance().
  *
  * <p>This class is based on a paper written by Philippe P&eacute;bay:
- * <a href="http://prod.sandia.gov/techlib/access-control.cgi/2008/086212.pdf";>
+ * <a 
href="https://prod.sandia.gov/techlib/access-control.cgi/2008/086212.pdf";>
  * Formulas for Robust, One-Pass Parallel Computation of Covariances and
  * Arbitrary-Order Statistical Moments</a>, 2008, Technical Report 
SAND2008-6212,
  * Sandia National Laboratories.</p>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/descriptive/DescriptiveStatistics.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/descriptive/DescriptiveStatistics.java
index 36ba82bcc..518488495 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/descriptive/DescriptiveStatistics.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/descriptive/DescriptiveStatistics.java
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ public class DescriptiveStatistics implements 
StatisticalSummary {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm";>
+     * Returns the <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm";>
      * arithmetic mean </a> of the available values.
      * @return The mean or Double.NaN if no values have been added.
      */
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ public class DescriptiveStatistics implements 
StatisticalSummary {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/geometric_mean.htm";>
+     * Returns the <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/geometric_mean.htm";>
      * geometric mean </a> of the available values.
      * <p>
      * See {@link GeometricMean} for details on the computing algorithm.</p>
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ public class DescriptiveStatistics implements 
StatisticalSummary {
 
     /**
      * Returns the quadratic mean, a.k.a.
-     * <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Root-Mean-Square.html";>
+     * <a href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Root-Mean-Square.html";>
      * root-mean-square</a> of the available values
      * @return The quadratic mean or {@code Double.NaN} if no values
      * have been added.
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ public class DescriptiveStatistics implements 
StatisticalSummary {
      * Returns an estimate for the pth percentile of the stored values.
      * <p>
      * The implementation provided here follows the first estimation procedure 
presented
-     * <a 
href="http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/prc/section2/prc252.htm";>here.</a>
+     * <a 
href="https://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/prc/section2/prc252.htm";>here.</a>
      * </p><p>
      * <strong>Preconditions</strong>:<ul>
      * <li><code>0 &lt; p &le; 100</code> (otherwise an
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/descriptive/StatisticalSummary.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/descriptive/StatisticalSummary.java
index 931d5d03e..389a67097 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/descriptive/StatisticalSummary.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/descriptive/StatisticalSummary.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ package org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.stat.descriptive;
 public interface StatisticalSummary {
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm";>
+     * Returns the <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm";>
      * arithmetic mean </a> of the available values.
      * @return The mean or Double.NaN if no values have been added.
      */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/descriptive/rank/PSquarePercentile.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/descriptive/rank/PSquarePercentile.java
index dd234aa07..e64e0f667 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/descriptive/rank/PSquarePercentile.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/descriptive/rank/PSquarePercentile.java
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.stat.descriptive.StorelessUnivariateStati
 
 /**
  * A {@link StorelessUnivariateStatistic} estimating percentiles using the
- * <a 
href="http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/ftp/psqr.pdf";>P<SUP>2</SUP></a>
- * Algorithm as explained by <a href="http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/";>Raj
+ * <a 
href="https://www.cs.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/ftp/psqr.pdf";>P<SUP>2</SUP></a>
+ * Algorithm as explained by <a href="https://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/";>Raj
  * Jain</a> and Imrich Chlamtac in
- * <a href="http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/psqr.htm";>P<SUP>2</SUP> 
Algorithm
+ * <a href="https://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/psqr.htm";>P<SUP>2</SUP> 
Algorithm
  * for Dynamic Calculation of Quantiles and Histogram Without Storing
  * Observations</a>.
  * <p>
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/regression/MultipleLinearRegression.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/regression/MultipleLinearRegression.java
index 2b3f802a0..cfd7c7ba1 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/regression/MultipleLinearRegression.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/regression/MultipleLinearRegression.java
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ package org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.stat.regression;
  * of <b>error terms</b> or <b>residuals</b>.
  *
  * The notation is quite standard in literature,
- * cf eg <a href="http://www.econ.queensu.ca/ETM";>Davidson and MacKinnon, 
Econometrics Theory and Methods, 2004</a>.
+ * cf eg <a href="https://www.econ.queensu.ca/ETM";>Davidson and MacKinnon, 
Econometrics Theory and Methods, 2004</a>.
  * @since 2.0
  */
 public interface MultipleLinearRegression {
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/regression/RegressionResults.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/regression/RegressionResults.java
index 67cea8d57..2f0de5e78 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/regression/RegressionResults.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/regression/RegressionResults.java
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ public class RegressionResults {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/standerrorb(1).htm">standard
+     * Returns the <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/standerrorb(1).htm">standard
      * error of the parameter estimate at index</a>,
      * usually denoted s(b<sub>index</sub>).
      *
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ public class RegressionResults {
     }
 
     /**
-     * <p>Returns the <a 
href="http://www.xycoon.com/standerrorb(1).htm">standard
+     * <p>Returns the <a 
href="https://www.xycoon.com/standerrorb(1).htm">standard
      * error of the parameter estimates</a>,
      * usually denoted s(b<sub>i</sub>).</p>
      *
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ public class RegressionResults {
      * <p>Returns the sum of squared deviations of the y values about their 
mean.</p>
      *
      * <p>This is defined as SSTO
-     * <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/SumOfSquares.htm";>here</a>.</p>
+     * <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/SumOfSquares.htm";>here</a>.</p>
      *
      * <p>If {@code n < 2}, this returns {@code Double.NaN}.</p>
      *
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ public class RegressionResults {
      * their mean (which equals the mean of y).</p>
      *
      * <p>This is usually abbreviated SSR or SSM.  It is defined as SSM
-     * <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/SumOfSquares.htm";>here</a></p>
+     * <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/SumOfSquares.htm";>here</a></p>
      *
      * <p><strong>Preconditions</strong>: <ul>
      * <li>At least two observations (with at least two different x values)
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ public class RegressionResults {
     }
 
     /**
-     * <p>Returns the <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/SumOfSquares.htm";>
+     * <p>Returns the <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/SumOfSquares.htm";>
      * sum of squared errors</a> (SSE) associated with the regression
      * model.</p>
      *
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ public class RegressionResults {
     }
 
     /**
-     * <p>Returns the <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/coefficient1.htm";>
+     * <p>Returns the <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/coefficient1.htm";>
      * coefficient of multiple determination</a>,
      * usually denoted r-square.</p>
      *
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/regression/SimpleRegression.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/regression/SimpleRegression.java
index 44d73219c..83aef56be 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/regression/SimpleRegression.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/stat/regression/SimpleRegression.java
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
      * <p>The mean update formulae are based on a paper written by Philippe
      * P&eacute;bay:
      * <a
-     * 
href="http://prod.sandia.gov/techlib/access-control.cgi/2008/086212.pdf";>
+     * 
href="https://prod.sandia.gov/techlib/access-control.cgi/2008/086212.pdf";>
      * Formulas for Robust, One-Pass Parallel Computation of Covariances and
      * Arbitrary-Order Statistical Moments</a>, 2008, Technical Report
      * SAND2008-6212, Sandia National Laboratories.</p>
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
      * {@link #hasIntercept()} is true; otherwise 0.
      * <p>
      * The least squares estimate of the intercept is computed using the
-     * <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/estimation4.htm";>normal equations</a>.
+     * <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/estimation4.htm";>normal equations</a>.
      * The intercept is sometimes denoted b0.</p>
      * <p>
      * <strong>Preconditions</strong>: <ul>
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
     * Returns the slope of the estimated regression line.
     * <p>
     * The least squares estimate of the slope is computed using the
-    * <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/estimation4.htm";>normal equations</a>.
+    * <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/estimation4.htm";>normal equations</a>.
     * The slope is sometimes denoted b1.</p>
     * <p>
     * <strong>Preconditions</strong>: <ul>
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/SumOfSquares.htm";>
+     * Returns the <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/SumOfSquares.htm";>
      * sum of squared errors</a> (SSE) associated with the regression
      * model.
      * <p>
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
      * Returns the sum of squared deviations of the y values about their mean.
      * <p>
      * This is defined as SSTO
-     * <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/SumOfSquares.htm";>here</a>.</p>
+     * <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/SumOfSquares.htm";>here</a>.</p>
      * <p>
      * If {@code n < 2}, this returns <code>Double.NaN</code>.</p>
      *
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
      * their mean (which equals the mean of y).
      * <p>
      * This is usually abbreviated SSR or SSM.  It is defined as SSM
-     * <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/SumOfSquares.htm";>here</a></p>
+     * <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/SumOfSquares.htm";>here</a></p>
      * <p>
      * <strong>Preconditions</strong>: <ul>
      * <li>At least two observations (with at least two different x values)
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns <a 
href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/CorrelationCoefficient.html";>
+     * Returns <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/CorrelationCoefficient.html";>
      * Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient</a>,
      * usually denoted r.
      * <p>
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/coefficient1.htm";>
+     * Returns the <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/coefficient1.htm";>
      * coefficient of determination</a>,
      * usually denoted r-square.
      * <p>
@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/standarderrorb0.htm";>
+     * Returns the <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/standarderrorb0.htm";>
      * standard error of the intercept estimate</a>,
      * usually denoted s(b0).
      * <p>
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the <a href="http://www.xycoon.com/standerrorb(1).htm">standard
+     * Returns the <a href="https://www.xycoon.com/standerrorb(1).htm">standard
      * error of the slope estimate</a>,
      * usually denoted s(b1).
      * <p>
@@ -642,7 +642,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
      * <strong>Usage Note</strong>:<br>
      * The validity of this statistic depends on the assumption that the
      * observations included in the model are drawn from a
-     * <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/BivariateNormalDistribution.html";>
+     * <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/BivariateNormalDistribution.html";>
      * Bivariate Normal Distribution</a>.</p>
      *
      * @return half-width of 95% confidence interval for the slope estimate
@@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
      * <strong>Usage Note</strong>:<br>
      * The validity of this statistic depends on the assumption that the
      * observations included in the model are drawn from a
-     * <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/BivariateNormalDistribution.html";>
+     * <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/BivariateNormalDistribution.html";>
      * Bivariate Normal Distribution</a>.</p>
      * <p>
      * <strong> Preconditions:</strong><ul>
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ public class SimpleRegression implements 
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression {
      * <strong>Usage Note</strong>:<br>
      * The validity of this statistic depends on the assumption that the
      * observations included in the model are drawn from a
-     * <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/BivariateNormalDistribution.html";>
+     * <a 
href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/BivariateNormalDistribution.html";>
      * Bivariate Normal Distribution</a>.</p>
      * <p>
      * If there are fewer that <strong>three</strong> observations in the
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/AbstractLeastSquaresOptimizerAbstractTest.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/AbstractLeastSquaresOptimizerAbstractTest.java
index afb479c92..c1c950532 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/AbstractLeastSquaresOptimizerAbstractTest.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/AbstractLeastSquaresOptimizerAbstractTest.java
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ import java.util.Arrays;
 
 /**
  * Some of the unit tests are re-implementations of the MINPACK <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files. The
- * redistribution policy for MINPACK is available <a 
href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>.
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files. The
+ * redistribution policy for MINPACK is available <a 
href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>.
  * <p>
  * <T> Concrete implementation of an optimizer.
  *
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithCholeskyTest.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithCholeskyTest.java
index 7e87211e4..47b5304ce 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithCholeskyTest.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithCholeskyTest.java
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 
 /**
  * <p>Some of the unit tests are re-implementations of the MINPACK <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
  * The redistribution policy for MINPACK is available <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>/
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>/
  *
  */
 public class GaussNewtonOptimizerWithCholeskyTest
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithLUTest.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithLUTest.java
index 2520a2566..eecc2afb3 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithLUTest.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithLUTest.java
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 
 /**
  * <p>Some of the unit tests are re-implementations of the MINPACK <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
  * The redistribution policy for MINPACK is available <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>/
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>/
  *
  */
 public class GaussNewtonOptimizerWithLUTest
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithQRTest.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithQRTest.java
index 2e22a9df5..7c4a4f00b 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithQRTest.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithQRTest.java
@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 
 /**
  * <p>Some of the unit tests are re-implementations of the MINPACK <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
  * The redistribution policy for MINPACK is available <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>/
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>/
  *
  */
 public class GaussNewtonOptimizerWithQRTest
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithSVDTest.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithSVDTest.java
index 79810c77b..eb1801b52 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithSVDTest.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/GaussNewtonOptimizerWithSVDTest.java
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 
 /**
  * <p>Some of the unit tests are re-implementations of the MINPACK <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
  * The redistribution policy for MINPACK is available <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>/
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>/
  *
  */
 public class GaussNewtonOptimizerWithSVDTest
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/LevenbergMarquardtOptimizerTest.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/LevenbergMarquardtOptimizerTest.java
index 0cc28fb87..0a5283b5d 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/LevenbergMarquardtOptimizerTest.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/LevenbergMarquardtOptimizerTest.java
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 
 /**
  * <p>Some of the unit tests are re-implementations of the MINPACK <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
  * The redistribution policy for MINPACK is available <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>.
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>.
  *
  */
 public class LevenbergMarquardtOptimizerTest
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/MinpackTest.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/MinpackTest.java
index e56368a45..f269cf59b 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/MinpackTest.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/MinpackTest.java
@@ -30,10 +30,10 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 
 /**
  * <p>Some of the unit tests are re-implementations of the MINPACK <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
  * The redistribution policy for MINPACK is available <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>, for
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>, for
  * convenience, it is reproduced below.</p>
 
  * <table border="" align="center" bgcolor="#E0E0E0">
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/StatisticalReferenceDataset.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/StatisticalReferenceDataset.java
index e257749d7..72ebfcc48 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/StatisticalReferenceDataset.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/fitting/leastsquares/StatisticalReferenceDataset.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.legacy.analysis.MultivariateVectorFunction;
 /**
  * This class gives access to the statistical reference datasets provided by 
the
  * NIST (available
- * <a 
href="http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/strd/general/dataarchive.html";>here</a>).
+ * <a 
href="https://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/strd/general/dataarchive.html";>here</a>).
  * Instances of this class can be created by invocation of the
  * {@link StatisticalReferenceDatasetFactory}.
  */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/gradient/NonLinearConjugateGradientOptimizerTest.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/gradient/NonLinearConjugateGradientOptimizerTest.java
index 9a2c39104..3bfd4806b 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/gradient/NonLinearConjugateGradientOptimizerTest.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/optim/nonlinear/scalar/gradient/NonLinearConjugateGradientOptimizerTest.java
@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 
 /**
  * <p>Some of the unit tests are re-implementations of the MINPACK <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file17";>file17</a> and <a
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/ex/file22";>file22</a> test files.
  * The redistribution policy for MINPACK is available <a
- * href="http://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>, for
+ * href="https://www.netlib.org/minpack/disclaimer";>here</a>, for
  * convenience, it is reproduced below.</p>
  *
  * <table style="text-align: center; background-color: #E0E0E0" border="">
diff --git 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/special/BesselJTest.java
 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/special/BesselJTest.java
index 52c0b06f9..ed00d1f30 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/special/BesselJTest.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-legacy/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/math4/legacy/special/BesselJTest.java
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ public class BesselJTest {
 
     /**
      * Reference data for the {@link BesselJ#value(double, double)} function. 
This data
-     * was generated with the following <a 
href="http://www.r-project.org/";>R</a> script.
+     * was generated with the following <a 
href="https://www.r-project.org/";>R</a> script.
      *
      * <pre>
      * smallxs = 10 ** (-(seq(0,8,.5)))
diff --git 
a/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/SquareNeighbourhood.java
 
b/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/SquareNeighbourhood.java
index 890512b19..3d341c541 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/SquareNeighbourhood.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/SquareNeighbourhood.java
@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ package org.apache.commons.math4.neuralnet;
  */
 public enum SquareNeighbourhood {
     /**
-     * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Neumann_neighborhood";>
+     * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Neumann_neighborhood";>
      *  Von Neumann neighbourhood</a>: in two dimensions, each (internal)
      * neuron has four neighbours.
      */
     VON_NEUMANN,
     /**
-     * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore_neighborhood";>
+     * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore_neighborhood";>
      *  Moore neighbourhood</a>: in two dimensions, each (internal)
      * neuron has eight neighbours.
      */
diff --git 
a/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/sofm/KohonenUpdateAction.java
 
b/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/sofm/KohonenUpdateAction.java
index 98ab2dc88..ab329b976 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/sofm/KohonenUpdateAction.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/sofm/KohonenUpdateAction.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.neuralnet.Neuron;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.neuralnet.UpdateAction;
 
 /**
- * Update formula for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohonen";>
+ * Update formula for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohonen";>
  * Kohonen's Self-Organizing Map</a>.
  * <br>
  * The {@link #update(Network,double[]) update} method modifies the
diff --git 
a/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/twod/NeuronSquareMesh2D.java
 
b/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/twod/NeuronSquareMesh2D.java
index d3b7b937e..f6be18c4c 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/twod/NeuronSquareMesh2D.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/twod/NeuronSquareMesh2D.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ import 
org.apache.commons.math4.neuralnet.twod.util.LocationFinder;
  * Each neuron defines one surface element.
  * <br>
  * This network is primarily intended to represent a
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohonen";>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohonen";>
  *  Self Organizing Feature Map</a>.
  *
  * @see org.apache.commons.math4.neuralnet.sofm
diff --git 
a/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/twod/util/UnifiedDistanceMatrix.java
 
b/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/twod/util/UnifiedDistanceMatrix.java
index d84abfc4e..60749c20b 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/twod/util/UnifiedDistanceMatrix.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-neuralnet/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/neuralnet/twod/util/UnifiedDistanceMatrix.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import org.apache.commons.math4.neuralnet.Neuron;
 import org.apache.commons.math4.neuralnet.twod.NeuronSquareMesh2D;
 
 /**
- * <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-Matrix";>U-Matrix</a>
+ * <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-Matrix";>U-Matrix</a>
  * visualization of high-dimensional data projection.
  * The 8 individual inter-units distances will be
  * {@link #computeImage(NeuronSquareMesh2D) computed}.  They will be
diff --git 
a/commons-math-transform/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/transform/FastHadamardTransform.java
 
b/commons-math-transform/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/transform/FastHadamardTransform.java
index 89cd8b2c1..caafd0549 100644
--- 
a/commons-math-transform/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/transform/FastHadamardTransform.java
+++ 
b/commons-math-transform/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/math4/transform/FastHadamardTransform.java
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import java.util.function.UnaryOperator;
 import org.apache.commons.numbers.core.ArithmeticUtils;
 
 /**
- * <a href="http://www.archive.chipcenter.com/dsp/DSP000517F1.html";>Fast 
Hadamard Transform</a> (FHT).
+ * <a href="https://www.archive.chipcenter.com/dsp/DSP000517F1.html";>Fast 
Hadamard Transform</a> (FHT).
  * <p>
  * The FHT can also transform integer vectors into integer vectors.
  * However, this transform cannot be inverted directly, due to a scaling
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ public class FastHadamardTransform implements RealTransform 
{
      * understood with the above example (for {@code N = 8}).
      * <li>The output vector {@code y} is now in the last column of
      * {@code hadm}.</li>
-     * <li><em>Algorithm from <a 
href="http://www.archive.chipcenter.com/dsp/DSP000517F1.html";>chipcenter</a>.</em></li>
+     * <li><em>Algorithm from <a 
href="https://www.archive.chipcenter.com/dsp/DSP000517F1.html";>chipcenter</a>.</em></li>
      * </ol>
      * <h3>Visually</h3>
      * <table border="" style="text-align: center">


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