Hi Werner, According to the table on page 6 in the current microtype package, XeTeX *does* support character protrusion!
I said that in my first mail. XeTeX supports protrusion, but (unfortunately) not expansion. In my experience, protrusion has little effect; expansion is where the interest lies. Karl, can you please add that to your patch? Thus, I don't think it's worth the trouble to add support when it's only protrusion. So I won't be working on this. Sorry. Having a uniform behaviour for all major TeX I believe texinfo.tex still supports Knuth's original "tex", which of course does not have any microtype support, though maybe that does not count as a "major engine" nowadays :). BTW, separate from any microtype questions, at one time LuaTeX could have different output (line breaking) from the other engines in obscure cases. I don't know if that's still true, but I suspect so. I've forgotten the details, unfortunately. Nothing to do about it, anyway. --best, karl.