On Sat, 15 Aug 2020 at 11:56, Andrei Enshin via Bug reports for the GNU find utilities <bug-findutils@gnu.org> wrote: > > > Hello, > > I’m trying to identify all hard links pointing to my root directory: > $ sudo ls -lid / > 2 drwxr-xr-x 23 root root 4096 Aug 11 20:58 / > > The inode number is 2 and count of hard links is 23. > > Then I run find: > > $ sudo find / -xdev -inum 2 2>/dev/null | wc -l > 15
You can also use $ find / -xdev -samefile / > But the `find` finds only 15. I am surprised you found any, since most systems don't support directory hard links. Are you on macOS? > I checked on two different systems and result of find doesn’t match the > number of hardlinks. Note that directory link counts usually equal 2 + the number of subdirectories, essentially treating each child's '..' dirent as if it were a link to the parent. See e.g. https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/101536/56202 for more info. > In detailed out — https://pastebin.com/raw/JH6hW7n6 — you can see that -xdev > option seems to be ignored since /dev is counted. -xdev will process mount points but nothing below them. A future POSIX version will specify that -mount should skip mount points entirely: http://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=1133. > But it is still doesn’t explain why the number is 15 — less than 23. > > May I ask for help to find all hard links to the directory within one > filesystems using `find`? > > > --- > Best Regards, > Andrei Enshin -- Tavian Barnes
