On Mon, Oct 12, 2015 at 04:39:45PM -0700, Linda Walsh wrote: > I wasn't sure if it put the "\n" at the end in a 1-line example.
<< and <<< always end with a trailing newline. This is 100% unavoidable with that syntax. If your data stream needs NOT to end with a newline, then you have to use < <(printf ...). > Does it also use a tmp file and use process-substitution, or is > that only when parens are present? Yes, <<< uses a temp file just like << does. wooledg@wooledg:~$ (sleep 1; ls -l /dev/fd/0; sleep 10) <<< "a temp string" lr-x------ 1 wooledg wooledg 64 Oct 13 08:09 /dev/fd/0 -> /tmp/sh-thd-1033352477 (deleted) One that is opened and then unlinked, as it turns out.
